May 26, 2025
by in News

BEF 2025: Technologies for energy transition are here, getting cheaper every day

Technologies for the energy transition already exist, and their use is increasing thanks to falling costs. Investors and bankers claim they are ready to invest and that money isn’t an issue. The missing part are upgraded transmission grids, along with policies and regulations to integrate everything into a suitable environment, according to investors and lenders gathered at Belgrade Energy Forum 2025.

The third Belgrade Energy Forum, BEF 2025, welcomed four hundred participants from more than 30 countries from the region, Europe, and beyond. The two-day conference was organized by Balkan Green Energy News.

Participants in the panel Energy revolution underway – uniting efforts to deliver green, intelligent, and sustainable energy solutions were Maja Turković, Senior Vice President of CWP Europe, Aleš Prešern, Vice President and Head of Southeast Europe of Siemens Energy, and Christian Beynio, Head of Advisory of Kommunalkredit Austria AG.

According to panel moderator Mirza Kušljugić, a member of the Board of the Regional Center for Sustainable Energy Transition (RESET) from Bosnia and Herzegovina, the energy transition is actually a revolution, given the technological changes.

“The region is still burdened by tradition. We know the transition is inevitable, but we aren’t fully aware that it will be disruptive,” Kušljugić stated.

Technology is here, and so is financing

Mirza Kušljugić, Aleš Prešern and Maja Turković (photo: Balkan Green Energy News)

Maja Turković, Senior Vice President of CWP Europe, stressed that technology, currently undergoing a revolution, is the best card the world has in the transition. She even suggested that financing isn’t a problem and that there are more financial resources available than projects qualified to receive funding.

However, she is surprised by the rapid growth in solar power installations. Turković argued that market-based projects cannot achieve double-digit internal rates of return on equity. Part of the explanation may lie in the fact that panel prices have dropped by 60% over two years.

Battery prices have also fallen. The largest drop was last year, 40%, with a further 5% decline this year alone, according to Turković. Prices have slipped below EUR 100,000 per MWh.

Turković: Regarding CAPEX and technology, we’re ready

The latest trend is the integration of batteries with solar power plants. While transmission system operators in the region still don’t allow it, in some countries a grid connection approved for solar can also be used for batteries. “Regarding CAPEX and technology, we’re ready,” Turković underlined.

Aleš Prešern, Vice President and Head of Southeast Europe in Siemens Energy, is particularly impressed with the speed of change.

“We who are working in the energy sector are used to very slow changes. Energy was a conservative industry. In 2004, 1 GW of solar was built, but now data shows that it is how much is installed in one day. Batteries cost EUR 1 million per MWh not that long ago, and now they are ten times cheaper,” he noted.

Prešern: Transmission networks are the bottleneck of the transition

They are indeed dramatic changes, for which the existing power system wasn’t prepared. It is clear why Siemens Energy, as a technology company, considers transmission networks to be the bottleneck in the transition, Prešern said.

To illustrate the slowness of grid investments, he pointed to Austria, as one of the examples, where it took 10 years to build one important segment of the 400 kV network.

Both Turković and Prešern agree that nowadays the keyword is flexibility.

Maja Turković and Christian Beynio (photo: Balkan Green Energy News)

She explained there are operating battery management systems at low voltage levels that incorporate artificial intelligence and use market signals for activation when prices are low.

Prešern added that the required stability through balancing could be provided by gas power plants. Siemens Energy has never seen such high demand for gas turbines like today, he asserted.

Beynio: Don’t forget the non-banking institutions when looking in new financing

“If you ask about availability of financing, yes, it’s there,” Christian Beynio, Head of Advisory at Kommunalkredit Austria AG, confirmed. In his view, prices or, rather, the drop in prices of equipment, is the biggest innovation. Earlier, he said, it was a completely different game, heavily subsidized, while nowadays no subsidies are required per se.

The trend that Kommunalkredit Austria AG identified is the pooling of smaller assets, and a shift from financing projects toward financing developers and companies as corporates. It is yet to come to the region, he added.

Investment in grids, in his words, has to be initiated by the government. They have two solutions – go to the sovereign debt market or engage private investors. “Don’t forget the non-banking institutions when looking for new financing. This is a trend across Europe, and it will be relevant for the Balkans,” Beynio advised.

Battery projects won’t go so smoothly

Aleš Prešern (photo: Balkan Green Energy News)

Maja Turković expressed the belief that installing batteries won’t go as smoothly as solar. The main reason is the difficulty of securing a stable cash flow for batteries, unlike for production facilities. Cash flow enables financing, so batteries will likely need to be financed with internal funds, she underlined.

Turković noted that batteries are best monetized by providing system services and arbitrage, but pointed out they can also participate in capacity mechanisms, a scheme that could involve power purchase agreements (PPAs).

She said the development of the regulatory framework should be faster, to facilitate investments in batteries. Investors are ready to commit their funds to battery installation, and everyone in the market agrees that batteries are essential, Turković stressed.

Prešern: People and not technology are a guarantee that networks will exist and function properly

Amid the widespread discussions about technology and regulations, Aleš Prešern highlighted another issue. Energy, in his opinion, has always been an exciting sector, but the message hasn’t been getting through to young people in recent years. It was the case not only in the region but also in Europe, and beyond, leading to a shortage of skilled personnel.

However, he expressed the belief that things are changing and enthusiasm is returning. Prešern even suggested it could be a major advantage for the region, well known for its high-quality engineers.

Siemens Energy strives to employ as many good engineers as possible because, ultimately, people and not technology are a guarantee that networks will exist and function properly, he stressed.

The solution is also in using new technologies to better utilize existing grids

Christian Beynio (photo: Balkan Green Energy News)

The combination of rapid changes in the energy sector and slow investments in the grids threatens to put the transition to a standstill.

Better utilization of existing infrastructure could be the solution. Siemens Energy fits well there, as several years ago it established a division called Digital Grid. According to Prešern, the idea was to be quicker in data utilization, something that other sectors like automotive have long advanced, while energy has lagged.

The company recently acquired a Slovenian-Austrian firm that produces sensors installed directly on power lines, a technology called dynamic line rating. The devices provide real-time data about the conditions in power lines, potentially enabling their use beyond original design limits.

“With this technology, we believe we can increase the capacity of existing networks by an average of 30%,” Prešern revealed.

New technologies have changed bankers’ jobs as well

New technologies have changed bankers’ jobs as well, Christian Beynio admitted. He recalled that it was easy to finance wind farms in Serbia because they had feed-in tariffs from the government. The only risk element was the wind blowing or not blowing, Beynio said.

Nowadays there are merchant power producers that combine their facilities with batteries and use algorithms in electricity trading, he added. It means bankers need to sit with market consultants to identify all outcomes, he stressed.

“You won’t find singular cash flow streams. It’s going to be multi-dimensional and people simply need to adjust. It’s going to be more short term also on the lending side. It’s rather going to be corporate lending to people and companies who know what they are doing and can credibly demonstrate that with a track record. That is the digitalization impact we see”, Beynio said.

Maja Turković (photo: Balkan Green Energy News)
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May 26, 2025
by in News

BEF 2025: Regional cooperation can facilitate energy transition, energy security

Montenegro, Serbia, and the Republic of Srpska don’t have a problem attracting investments in electricity production, but they do have issues when it comes to investments in transmission networks. If the introduction of CBAM is not postponed, it will greatly burden their economies. Hungary is interested in strengthening energy ties with them as well as the rest of the Western Balkans, which would bolster energy security for the whole region. Croatia could also assist it in strengthening employment in the green technologies sector, to counter the loss of jobs due to decarbonization. These are the main messages from the High-ministerial panel on SEE regional cooperation and energy transition strategies.

The ministerial panel was the first of eight at this year’s Belgrade Energy Forum 2025 (BEF 2025). The conference, organized by Balkan Green Energy News, welcomed four hundred participants from more than 30 countries from the region, Europe, and beyond.

The panel featured representatives of the governments of Montenegro, Croatia, Hungary, the Republic of Srpska – one of the two political entities in Bosnia and Herzegovina – Serbia, and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). The moderator of the panel was Dirk Buschle, who until recently was a key figure in the Energy Community Secretariat, and now is a partner at law firm Becker Büttner Held.

He noted it is a mistake to say that the contracting parties of the Energy Community are lagging behind EU countries in the energy transition. They all face the same issues, which are energy accessibility, supply security, and sustainability, Buschle added.

Additional proof, in his words, are the similar issues faced by investors – in grid connections and permitting.

Investments in production are coming, the issues are grids, CBAM

Dirk Buschle, Petar Đokić and Admir Šahmanović

According to Minister of Energy and Mining of the Republic of Srpska Petar Đokić, the entity has made significant progress in defining a regulatory framework that aligns with the rules of the Energy Community and the European Union.

He noted that with the help of the Energy Community Secretariat, the two entities of BiH recently reached an agreement on adopting a law on the electricity regulator, transmission, and market. It is one of the cornerstones for establishing an organized electricity market.

The Republic of Srpska was successful in attracting investments in green energy in recent years, Đokić added. It established concessions and partnerships for the construction of 2,200 MW of renewable energy power plants – wind, solar, and hydropower.

However, large investments in transmission networks are also necessary, he pointed out and said he expects assistance from the European Union’s financial institutions such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) and the European Investment Bank (EIB), as well as the World Bank.

Đokić: CBAM to hit hard BiH’s economy

The minister called on them to set up such partnerships.

Regarding the EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), he said that measures have been taken to change the domestic energy mix. Until recently, the share of fossil fuels was 62%, but it has now dropped to 54%, he recalled.

By 2028, the Republic of Srpska will have two new hydropower plants, of 159 MW and 36 MW, and new solar power plants with a total capacity of 250 MW, the minister asserted. It would additionally green the energy mix, Đokić said.

CBAM, in his words, could harm the economy of the Republic of Srpska and BiH.

If it is applied the way it is apparently envisaged, it would result in a significant increase in costs, with a severe negative impact, he underlined. Đoković expressed hope that the rollout would be separately discussed in the case of BiH.

Šahmanović: Montenegro is finishing its NECP

Montenegro also enjoys great interest from investors. It has received applications for building solar power plants and wind farms with a total capacity of 5.5 GW, said Admir Šahmanović, Minister of Energy and Mining.

The country’s current capacity is slightly over 1 GW.

It is, in his words, the result of improving the regulatory framework including the adoption of laws on renewable energy sources and energy. However, investment in the transmission grid is also necessary. The government plans to discuss with Italy the possibility of installing another subsea cable for electricity transmission, while the national energy and climate plan (NECP) will be completed by the end of next month, the minister revealed.

Montenegro is requesting a postponement of CBAM until 2030

In addition, renewable energy auctions are being prepared with the EBRD, and a memorandum on market coupling with Italy will be signed, he added.

As for CBAM, the minister stressed that Montenegro doesn’t believe the EU wants to harm its economy, but argued that the country isn’t ready for the mechanism’s implementation.

“Perhaps we are now in a situation similar to where our EU partners were 20 years ago. So, we need to invest a lot in our production capacities, grid, storage. It will take years, so if we don’t receive an exemption by 2030, I believe we won’t be able to handle this challenge,” Šahmanović stressed.

Secure supply of the national market is the highest priority

Boglárka Illés, Admir Šahmanović and Jovana Joksimović

Jovana Joksimović, Serbian assistant minister of mining and energy for international cooperation, European integration, and project management, expressed the opinion that the energy transition is a long and intensive process, technically, operationally, and financially.

Since October 2022, renewable energy in the energy mix has increased by 83%, which demonstrates the progress of the energy transition in Serbia, Joksimović asserted.

“We need to be realistic, as well as socially aware, because a fair and sustainable transition is something that should be carefully considered when changing the energy mix, where coal accounts for 60%,” she noted.

Joksimović: The priority is to ensure a sufficient supply of electricity at the most affordable prices for citizens and the economy

It is necessary, in her words, to be ambitious and dedicated to the energy transition goals, but she is convinced that there is a higher objective.

At the country level, it is to ensure enough electricity at the most affordable prices for both citizens and the economy, she underlined. “That’s what our top priority is,” Joksimović underscored.

Guided by the said goal, Serbia is also considering the use of nuclear energy and a study on possible options is currently being prepared.

Boglárka Illés, State Secretary for Bilateral Relations at Hungary’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, also stressed that the government’s primary duty is to ensure not only climate neutrality and sustainable energy but also affordable energy with a stable supply for households and businesses.

She pointed out that diversifying energy imports and the energy mix plays a key role in securing energy sovereignty. It is the reason why cooperation with the Western Balkans, and especially Serbia, is important to Hungary, Illés asserted.

Illés: Europe’s energy security has been demolished

A few days before, Hungary’s Prime Minister Viktor Orbán said the EU has abandoned a successful economic strategy, based on cheap Russian gas and advanced German technology.

“And now we don’t see any other strategy within the EU,” she stated.

Due to ideologically driven sanctions against Russia, and the European Green Deal, the energy security of Europe is demolished, in Illés’s opinion. The region is located at the intersection of essential energy routes, connecting the East and the West, and also South and North, she underlined.

“We, as an EU member country, can act as a bridge between non-EU member countries and also the EU,” the state secretary stressed.

As an example of good cooperation with Serbia, she highlighted the supply of gas through the TurkStream pipeline and the Pannonian Corridor project for doubling the capacity for power exchange between the two countries.

The energy transition is an opportunity

Jovana Joksimović, Marija Pujo Tadić and Dario Liguti

In one respect, Marija Pujo Tadić, Special Envoy for Climate Action from the Government of Croatia, doesn’t share the opinion of the Hungarian official. She argued it isn’t true that Europe lacks a plan.

The EU has a clear plan and a well-defined strategy – it is the Clean Industrial Deal, she stressed.

She highlighted two important strategies relevant to the region: the Paris Agreement and the Green Agenda for the Western Balkans.

As a member of the scientific advisory board for the COP 29 presidency, she recalled that this year a review of nationally determined contributions (NDCs) would be conducted. It is an assessment of how countries are meeting their plans for lowering CO2 emissions.

Pujo Tadić: Education and workforce specialization are essential

She underlined the Green Agenda for the Western Balkans also envisages reducing net greenhouse gas emissions to zero by 2050, which is essentially the shared goal of the EU.

However, Pujo Tadić expressed the belief that policies and laws alone are not enough. Public education and workforce specialization are also necessary because the transition will create many new jobs, she added.

Croatia could be of great support to the Western Balkans, having launched such educational programs five years ago, according to Pujo Tadić.

The link between the energy transition and the creation of new jobs was also stressed by Dario Liguti, Director of Sustainable Energy at UNECE. In his view, the region has a huge opportunity to become part of the supply chains for green technologies by greening the domestic power generation and by leaning on the EU’s energy transition.

He sees the main factors for it in the region’s geographic proximity to the large European market, and the large, skilled workforce that can be educated for other tasks. Liguti drew a connection with the expected job loss from decarbonization measures and the related need for a just transition.

Liguti: There is great potential for energy efficiency in the region

Liguti praised the forthcoming investments in renewable energy production, but warned it is only one side of the story, arguing that the other one is energy efficiency. He reminded the audience that the region’s energy intensity is high, saying there is room for savings.

The installation of big solar plants and wind farms, in his words, is great because it’s very visible.

“It’s a great investment and makes a lot of sense. The harder part is making energy efficiency investments, whether in buildings or the industrial processes in large, small, or medium enterprises,” Liguti stated.

As an example, he recalled that UNECE is running a project with the EBRD in North Macedonia to support households and small and medium enterprises to lower the costs of liquid fuels and electricity.

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May 23, 2025
by in News

Romania to commission offshore wind study, targeting 3 GW by 2035

The Ministry of Energy of Romania launched a public call for expressions of interest for a study identifying areas in the Black Sea for concession agreements for offshore wind farms. It encouraged consortia of international and domestic firms and research institutions to apply.

Romania is gradually developing the legal framework for the start of the first offshore wind power projects in domestic waters in the Black Sea. Qualified companies and research institutions can express interest in conducting the necessary Specialized Study for the Delimitation of Offshore Areas that Can Be Concessioned for the Exploration, Construction, and Operation of Offshore Wind Power Plants, the Ministry 0f Energy said.

The country adopted the relevant law last year, followed by a roadmap.

“The study we are preparing will form the basis of strategic decisions on the concession of offshore perimeters and will provide investors with a clear vision, scientifically substantiated and in line with international best practices,” Minister of Energy Sebastian Burduja said. Interested entities can submit their expressions of interest by email by June 10.

Study to determine areas with offshore wind power potential of at least 800 MW each

The ministry said consortia of international and domestic firms are encouraged to apply. The World Bank estimated Romania’s wind power potential in the Black Sea at 76 GW.

The Energy Strategy 2025-2035 with a perspective until 2050 targets the first 3 GW by 2035, the announcement notes. Burduja said a year ago that the first facility could come online already in 2032.

Areas or perimeters will have a potential capacity of at least 800 MW each, according to the call. The study needs to establish the technical and strategic basis for the development of offshore wind farms in Romania’s Black Sea Exclusive Economic Zone.

Best practices, standardized methodology required

The task involves wind potential analysis, geotechnical and seabed studies, biodiversity and marine environment assessment and the connectivity to the national energy system. In the study, the selected contractor must include commercial navigation routes, fishing areas, existing submarine cables and pipelines, oil and gas exploration and production areas, military or national security zones and other
maritime uses and restrictions that may interfere with offshore wind development.

The work should be based on best practices and standardized methodology, the ministry pointed out. It said the offshore wind study implies collection and analysis of available metocean, geological, ecological, infrastructure and other data, use of GIS systems to overlay information layers (wind, depths, habitats and constraints), and modelling and calculations of estimated energy production.

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May 21, 2025
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GGF’s Kostadinov: Western Balkans responded to energy crisis with innovation, ambition (video)

The past three to four years have been nothing short of transformational when it comes to the energy transition in the Western Balkans, said Borislav Kostadinov, Finance in Motion’s Fund Director for the Green for Growth Fund, in a keynote address at Belgrade Energy Forum. The region has responded to the energy crisis with innovation, ambition and resilience, he pointed out. The challenge in the energy transition is understood and so is the solution, Kostadinov stressed.

Borislav Kostadinov, a Fund Director at Finance in Motion, gave a keynote speech at Belgrade Energy Forum (BEF 2025). He leads the Green for Growth Fund, or GGF, the company’s flagship green finance fund.

Finance in Motion is an impact asset manager based in Frankfurt with over 20 years of experience and more than EUR 4 billion in assets under management (AUM). It specializes in blended finance vehicles that deliver positive social and environmental impact. GGF has delivered over EUR 500 million in green finance to almost 50,000 beneficiaries in the Balkans. As of the end of last year, it was above EUR 1 billion in size.

Renewables have become mainstream investments

The breadth and flexibility of the fund’s model allow it to support a wide spectrum of the energy transition, which has enabled it to expand to over 19 markets along the European Union’s borders, Kostadinov explained.

The past three to four years have been nothing short of transformational when it comes to the energy transition in the Western Balkans, he underscored.

“I would not be the first to say that we are at a key juncture in the energy transition. At this stage, the challenge is understood and so is the solution. Renewables have become mainstream investments, championed by the public and private sectors, and are the foundation of a future that is not only sustainable but cost-efficient, competitive, and secure. The question now becomes how quickly and how completely we can deliver on this vision over the next five, fifteen and 25 years,” Kostadinov stated. In terms of energy systems and climate change, it is not much time, he pointed out.

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Western Balkans are broad-based renewables growth story

For several years now, there has been a broad-based renewables growth story across the region: from utility-scale project finance transactions, to large installations for captive use by industry and manufacturing, to photovoltaics on the roofs of households, Kostadinov recalled.

“What is driving this shift? Certainly, the energy crisis jolted all of Europe, and the Western Balkans have responded with innovation, ambition, and resilience. In a short time, we have improved policy, strengthened regulatory frameworks and prioritized the sector with clearer strategies and market mechanisms,” he said.

GGF’s director praised the countries in the region for embracing transparent, competitive auctions as a foundation for market-based deployment of renewables.

Kostadinov particularly highlighted Serbia for leading the way. “Its recent auctions for wind and solar have been consistent, well-communicated, credible and investor friendly, drawing broad investor participation. Most importantly, they’ve been successful, and we are proud to have contributed to this achievement alongside our longstanding partner UniCredit Bank, through its investment in the landmark Čibuk 2 wind farm,” he told the audience at BEF 2025.

Corporate PPAs, guarantees of origin deepen markets while also expanding them

The public sector must continue strengthening markets and frameworks and develop and roll out mechanisms such as corporate power purchase agreements (PPAs) and guarantees of origin, which deepen and expand markets, Kostadinov said.

“We need more purely private projects, such as the GGF-backed 50 MW Project Blue solar plant in Albania. As the largest non-subsidized solar project in the Western Balkans, and developed without a long-term PPA from the utility, it is the type of investment that we hope to increasingly catalyse in the region,” he asserted.

The three principles for the next five years are speed, integration, and resilience, Kostadinov says

In Kostadinov’s view, the three principles for the next five years are speed, integration, and resilience.

“We must continue to improve the speed, transparency and bureaucratic process when it comes to permitting, approving and bringing projects online. This is true in the EU, and it is true in the Western Balkans, in particular for construction permitting and grid connections,” he said.

The necessary investments in the integration of energy markets in the EU and the region will create scale, meaning larger markets, deeper spot markets, and more varied offtake, Kostadinov added. His message to energy producers in the Balkans is that they would be able to diversify and address a larger market by supplying Europe’s industrial base.

The recent blackout in Spain is a cautionary tale, but the story is not a failure of renewables but rather a failure of grid resilience, Kostadinov said.

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May 20, 2025
by in News

Cities are driving the transition to climate neutral and fair housing

Author: Anna Iafisco, policy adviser for housing at Eurocities, EUSEW’s partner organisation

City governments are ready to lead the transition to climate-neutral buildings by 2050, but they cannot do it alone. To ensure a fair transition, they need EU and national support to help low- and middle-income households access renovation support. With better funding, aligned policies, and tools like one-stop shops, cities can deliver warmer homes, lower bills, and a liveable future for everyone.

The road to climate neutrality runs through our homes – and cities are taking the lead. Buildings account for 40% of Europe’s energy use and 36% of emissions, making the decarbonisation of our built environment both a major challenge and a vital opportunity.

By improving energy efficiency, particularly in the residential housing stock, cities are not only cutting emissions and boosting energy security, but they are also improving people’s quality of life. Crucially, this transformation offers a chance to tackle energy poverty, which still leaves too many households without adequate heating, cooling or lighting, while also addressing the question of equitable access to green and healthy living spaces.

For the transition to succeed, it must be fair. At Eurocities, we believe no one should be left behind, especially vulnerable and low- to middle-income households, often exposed to high energy bills and inadequate living conditions.

Reaching a climate-neutral building stock by 2050 will depend on inclusive, well-funded renovation policies that reflect the realities of Europe’s diverse housing systems, and on empowering cities to lead the way.

A diversity of housing systems, a common challenge

Europe’s housing systems are highly diverse, from strong social and cooperative housing sectors in some countries to more privatised or market-driven systems in others. Any EU-wide building policy must allow for flexibility, enabling local, regional and national governments to tailor solutions to their specific situations.

A one-size-fits-all approach to financing renovation risks excluding those who fall outside strict income thresholds or tenancy rules, particularly in private rental markets, where incentives often do not reach either landlords or tenants. Elsewhere, outdated ownership structures or limited municipal control over social housing create further obstacles.

This diversity must be explicitly acknowledged in EU policy frameworks. We need adaptable rules that empower local authorities to reach those most in need, protect tenants from the risk of displacement, and ensure that EU funding tools match the real conditions on the ground.

One-stop shops: making renovation simple and inclusive

One of the most effective ways cities can support households through the transition to energy-efficient and sustainable homes is by setting up one-stop shops. These local services provide clear, accessible information about renovation options, available grants and loans, technical support, and trusted contractors – all in one place.

In Milan, the ‘Sportello Energia’ (Energy Desk) helps residents navigate energy efficiency improvements, with a special focus on reaching low-income and energy-poor households. The city combines this advisory service with targeted financial support, enabling families to carry out renovations they otherwise could not afford.

Similarly, in Rotterdam, the ‘WoonWijzerWinkel’ offers a physical and digital one-stop-shop, where residents can get free independent advice tailored to their homes. The shop has become a trusted go-to point for citizens who may otherwise be excluded from renovation schemes.

These examples show how local services, when designed with people’s needs in mind, can build trust and boost the renovation rate, especially among the most vulnerable.

Targeting support where it matters most

We know that comprehensive renovations are costly, and many households cannot afford them. That is why targeted public investment is vital. Renovation efforts must focus first on the worst-performing buildings, which are often home to people at risk of energy poverty. This is where we can achieve the greatest impact, both for the climate and for residents’ wellbeing.

In Vienna, a long-standing commitment to affordable housing has positioned the city as a leader in socially inclusive climate action. The city is implementing a large-scale renovation programme for its social housing stock, combining energy efficiency improvements with tenant protection measures and cost control.

Meanwhile, in Ghent, Belgium, the city has partnered with social organisations to reach vulnerable households and co-develop tailored renovation plans. This collaborative model ensures that support reaches those who need it most, while building long-term capacity within communities.

These experiences offer valuable lessons for the implementation of the EU’s revised Energy Performance of Buildings Directive. Cities are ready to roll out building upgrades, but they need clear standards, funding and flexibility to adapt to their local realities.

Decarbonising heating, improving lives

Renovating buildings is only part of the solution. Most homes in Europe are still heated with fossil fuels, particularly natural gas. To meet the EU’s 2050 climate targets, we must rapidly phase out fossil fuel boilers and invest in renewable, efficient heating and cooling systems. This is a crucial step to reduce emissions and protect residents from rising fuel costs and energy insecurity.

Cities are already taking action. In Paris, the city is expanding its district heating network based on renewable energy sources, prioritising connections for social housing and public buildings. This approach not only cuts emissions but also shields residents from volatile energy prices, demonstrating the power of public infrastructure to deliver a just transition.

A vision for truly affordable climate-neutral homes

To fully realise the transformation of the built environment, Europe must also advance a shared agenda for affordable, inclusive, and healthy housing. The upcoming European Affordable Housing Plan presents an opportunity to address the affordability crisis by supporting investment in affordable housing, improving existing stock through deep renovation, and aligning climate, environment and social objectives.

Cities are implementing change, but they need greater support to deliver renovation programmes for social and affordable housing, to develop new housing construction that meets climate neutrality and environmental objectives, affordability and accessibility standards. At the same time, EU funding instruments must be better coordinated and easier to access, so they reflect local priorities and realities.

By embedding the principle of housing as a human right into the green transition, the EU can drive a shift towards housing systems that are not only sustainable, but also fair, resilient and inclusive.

A call to action

If we want to reach climate neutrality by 2050, there is no time to lose. A swift, ambitious implementation of the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, in alignment with the EU Nature Restoration Law, is essential to meet the 2030 targets and to lay the foundation for a fair, sustainable future.

Despite political pressure, the EU should remain focused on putting the recently adopted directive and regulation into practice, rather than adding further uncertainty to an already complex political landscape.

Cities stand ready to lead this transformation. But they cannot do it alone. We call on the EU and Member States to work closely with city governments, empower them through direct access to funding, and ensure that climate, environment and housing policies support the same goal: better homes, healthier lives, and a liveable planet for all.

The building transition must be about more than cutting emissions. It must ensure that everyone, regardless of income or housing tenure, can live in a decent, energy-efficient and quality home.

If we get this right, we will not just reduce carbon and help restore nature, we will ensure a better future for the people of Europe.

This opinion editorial is produced in co-operation with the European Sustainable Energy Week (EUSEW) 2025. See ec.europa.eu/eusew for more details.

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May 20, 2025
by in News

Alteo’s Chikán: Aggregators have AI solutions for grid stability, production optimization (video)

Factors like power price volatility, the global shift in policy making and the need for flexible solutions for the integration of renewables are creating an important momentum for developers and aggregators, Chief Executive Officer of Alteo, Attila Chikán, said at Belgrade Energy Forum 2025. The company is expanding in Central and Southeastern Europe with investments in power plants and its AI-backed platform for operating third-party assets.

The electricity system needs to become more and more flexible to accommodate weather-dependent, intermittent sources – solar, wind and hydropower, Alteo’s CEO and Chairman of the Board Attila Chikán said and pointed out that the outage in Spain and Portugal on April 28 highlighted the need for investing in grid stability and upgrades.

In his keynote speech at Belgrade Energy Forum (BEF 2025), he stressed that a global shift in policy making in the sector, particularly in the United States and Europe, is bringing both challenges and opportunities. In Chikán’s view, the situation creates an important momentum for developers and aggregators.

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“In the past five years we have seen a great deal of price volatility on the markets in the region. If you look into the future, taking into account the impact of the ambitious plans of regional countries to expand renewable power, one might expect even more pressure on balancing price volatility,” he asserted.

Role of international initiatives

Alteo’s CEO said tailored incentive mechanisms are essential for developing a balanced energy mix. There are also major endeavors on an international scale, Chikán added: connecting markets with diverse geographical characteristics, power plant portfolios and different supply-demand balances.

He explained that cross-border initiatives such as PICASSO and the Blue Sky project bring electricity exchanges in the region closer together. Interconnectors like the Pannonian Corridor and the proposed Black Sea green cable contribute to balancing and the management of energy price volatility, Chikán noted.

Future-proof tech solutions required for risk mitigation

In risk mitigation, the energy system’s stability benefits from future-proof technological solutions as well, namely smart metering, advanced weather forecasting and artificial intelligence–based production optimization, he said. This is where aggregator companies like Alteo come into the picture, its chief underscored.

As for its hardware, the company based in Budapest operates a diverse and balanced production portfolio of gas power plants and renewables, combined with storage, Chikán added.

Alteo runs a portfolio of gas power plants, renewables and storage facilities

“Sounds good, but without a well-designed and functional software, any hardware is purely a collection of materials. And even if they do operate, for sure they operate in a suboptimal way, without synchronization,” he stated.

That’s why Alteo developed its own production management platform, which it offers as a software-as-a-service (SaaS) solution as well. The company also supports the operation of 2 GW in third-party capacity, mostly photovoltaics.

“We optimize production in an automated way, using artificial intelligence, integrating real-time weather forecast data, capacity data and market data,” Chikán stressed.

The platform includes executing trading activities. The partners don’t have to deal with scheduling and the balancing energy costs, he said. The company makes a renewable electricity product closer to baseload, Alteo’s head asserted.

Slovakia, Croatia, Serbia are primary investment destinations in Alteo’s regional expansion

Early this year, the company unveiled a strategy for expansion in Hungary as well as into Slovakia, Croatia and Serbia as primary investment destinations. Alteo revealed it is interested in Poland, Czechia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and North Macedonia, too.

Chikán said it also aims to position itself in operations and maintenance (O&M), among other segments. Alteo is particularly seeking stable and reliable AI-based aggregator partnerships, he noted. The company has an investment target of up to EUR 3.5 billion by the end of the decade.

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May 20, 2025
by in News

Akuo Energy signs PPA with EPS for Bela Anta 2 wind project in Serbia

French renewable energy company Akuo Energy has signed a power purchase agreement (PPA) with Serbia’s state-owned power utility Elektroprivreda Srbije (EPS) for the Bela Anta 2 wind power project, for the full capacity and including the balancing responsibility.

The project is being developed through Matrix Power, a special purpose vehicle (SPV) fully owned by Akuo Energy. With a total installed capacity of 80 MW, Bela Anta 2 was among the awarded projects in Serbia’s second round of renewable energy auctions, held in early 2025. Akuo secured a contract for difference (CfD), positioning it with the largest wind projects contracted with EPS to date, under the new market-based support scheme.

Milestone for Serbia’s energy transition

The agreement marks a major step in Serbia’s ongoing shift toward renewable energy, Akuo Energy said. All electricity produced by Bela Anta 2 will be supplied to the domestic market, supporting energy security and sustainability, it added.

“Akuo Energy is honored to support Serbia’s renewable energy goals in partnership with EPS. This PPA reflects strong institutional support and our shared commitment to accelerating the country’s green transition,” said a company spokesperson. The CfD ensures price stability and investment certainty, creating long-term benefits for both investors and the Serbian power system, Akuo Energy pointed out.

Akuo Energy: Global expertise with regional depth

Akuo Energy is an independent global renewable (wind, solar and storage) energy producer and developer. The group is present across the entire value: development, financing, construction and operation.

All electricity produced by Bela Anta 2 will be supplied to the domestic market

As of the end of 2024, the company had a total capacity of 1.9 GW in operation or under construction and a total project portfolio of over 12 GW. With more than 450 employees, the group, headquartered in Paris, France, develops projects in more than twenty countries around the world.

With nearly two decades of experience, Akuo has delivered projects in onshore wind, photovoltaics, hydropower, biomass, and battery energy storage systems (BESS). In Central and Eastern Europe, it operates more than 324 MW, with a strong and established presence in the Western Balkans.

More projects to come in Serbia

Akuo Energy plans to further expand its presence in Serbia’s renewable energy sector. One of its most advanced upcoming projects is the Bašaid Wind Farm (85 MW) near Kikinda, which is fully permitted and ready for construction. The company is also exploring new solar power and hybrid opportunities across the country.

With the PPA for Bela Anta 2, Akuo strengthened its long-term commitment to Serbia’s energy transition and to supporting the growth of a reliable, sustainable power system in the region, the update reads.

Akuo was a silver sponsor of Belgrade Energy Forum (BEF 2025), held last week in Serbia’s capital city.

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May 19, 2025
by in News

Regional webinar on gender-responsive energy transition and workforce empowerment

A regional webinar titled Gender-responsive Energy Transition and Workforce Empowerment in the Western Balkans will be held on May 22. The aim of the webinar, organized by GIZ, is to initiate a dialogue on the social and gender aspects of the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources.

The energy transition in the Western Balkans is bringing significant changes. The shift to renewable energy leads to a restructuring of the labor market. More than 138,000 jobs are currently linked to coal-based industries, raising questions about the social impacts and the need for workforce reskilling.

Investing in skill development and workforce adaptation is essential to mitigating social challenges, particularly gender inequalities, during the energy transition process.

GIZ recently conducted the first comprehensive analysis of the impact of the energy transition on the labor market in the Western Balkans. The study outlines the expected job losses and gains, identifies the skills needed for future employment in the renewable energy sector, and highlights the crucial role of technical and vocational education in this process.

Everyone interested can register via a link

The the findings of the study will be presented at the webinar Gender-responsive Energy Transition and Workforce Empowerment in the Western Balkans, scheduled for May 22 from 14:00 to 15:30. The event will be held online via Microsoft Teams, and all interested participants can register via this link.

The discussion will feature Valentina Vučković, a socio-economic expert from the Institute for Development and International Relations (IRMO), who will present the research findings. Fiona Imami from the organization Co-Plan will speak about policy solutions for coal mine regions within the concept of a just transition, and Marta Schulte-Fischedick from the Energy Community Secretariat will address gender inequality issues and potential systemic solutions.

Special emphasis will be placed on the need for greater synergy between the education and energy sectors to ensure that the workforce can effectively adapt to new conditions. The discussion will also cover issues of gender equality, the inclusion of women in the green energy sector, and ways to reduce existing gender disparities in employment and career advancement in the field.

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May 19, 2025
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Hidroelectrica picks contractor for PV systems on 20 hydropower plants

Romanian state-owned hydropower plant operator Hidroelectrica signed a deal with Servelect and subcontractor Electroplus, which need to install solar panels on the roofs of 20 hydroelectric plants. They are on the middle and downstream parts of the Olt river.

Combining hydropower with photovoltaics including floating solar power plants is becoming popular. The two sources are compatible, especially if there is a dam, as it can save water in reservoirs. The grid infrastructure for PV panels is already there and there are usually no land ownership issues. Hidroelectrica, which mostly operates hydropower plants, is about to solarize its existing facilities.

The Romanian state-owned company pursuing diversification signed an agreement with Servelect and its subcontractor Electroplus. There were four bids in the tender.

First solar power project for Hidroelectrica

Solar power systems will be on the roofs of 20 hydropower units on the middle and downstream sections of the Olt river. Hidroelectrica, listed at the Bucharest Stock Exchange since 2023, turnkey deal, said it aims to optimize production costs. However, it didn’t reveal whether it would operate the colocated assets jointly, as hybrid power plants.

Hidroelectrica is the largest electricity producer in the country, but it will be its first solar power units. The deal, for an overall 2.96 MW, is worth EUR 1.77 million excluding value-added tax. The deadline is 24 months, of which four months for the design.

Servelect, Electroplus responsible for all phases from procurement to commissioning

The utility also tasked the two firms, based in Cluj-Napoca, with manufacturing and procurement, transportation, testing and commissioning. The PV systems would consist of 620 W panels and 100 kW inverters. Hidroelectrica estimated the combined annual output at 3.71 GWh.

The company operates 188 hydropower plants, 6.4 GW overall, and the Crucea Nord wind park of 108 MW. Earlier, Hidroelectrica and Masdar were considering a pilot project, under an upcoming joint venture, for floating solar power plants on seven reservoirs, also on the Olt.

Servelect is active in engineering and energy services. It was founded in 2005. Electroplus, which handles electrical installations, operates since 2001.

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May 16, 2025
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Weakness in Serbian energy system is no option

Serbia’s state-owned power utility Elektroprivreda Srbije (EPS) is committed to its own and the country’s goals for green energy and emission cuts, but it is sustainable only if it doesn’t jeopardize energy security, Chief Executive Officer Dušan Živković said. Weakness in the energy system is not an option, he underscored.

The recent blackout in entire Spain and Portugal and the one last year in the Balkans have imposed the topic of large energy storage facilities which would support the integration of renewables, CEO of EPS Dušan Živković said at Belgrade Energy Forum (BEF 2025). The company is committed to its own and the country’s goals for green energy and emission cuts, he asserted.

“We will work on that, of course, believing in these objectives, but without compromising energy security and the energy sovereignty of the state of Serbia. It was proven to be the only sustainable path and that if we don’t follow it, it can result in situations that are not a good message toward consumers, and they are not a good message toward investors either. Weakness in the energy system is certainly not an option”, Živković stated.

In its Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan (INECP or NECP), Serbia is targeting for 2030 a 45.2% share of renewable energy sources in electricity production and a decrease of greenhouse gases by 40.3% from the 1990 level.

Decarbonization is not easy without serious storage

Among its other activities, EPS is working on its small green energy projects on open cast coal mines, while the strategic partner, a consortium of UGT Renewables (UGTR) and Hyundai Engineering, is tasked with building a group of solar power plants of 1 GW in combined connection capacity alongside 200 MW of battery energy storage, and transfer them to Serbia’s government-controlled power utility, Živković noted. But the process of decarbonization with necessary renewable energy capacity won’t be easy “without serious storage,” he stressed.

Serbia hosts fossil fuel power plants of 4 GW in total

Big energy storage projects are financially challenging, only marginally cost effective, and they are not easy to build, EPS’s head claims. They are necessary to be able to draw enough baseload energy, and in Serbia they need to contribute replacing a large fossil fuel capacity – currently it amounts to 4 GW, Živković said.

Pumped storage hydropower project Bistrica, existing facility Bajina Bašta enable comfort for signing PPAs

EPS primarily focuses on the Bistrica pumped storage hydropower project and the possibility to develop the one for Đerdap 3, he added. That way conditions would be created for the facilities to provide new services in the market, so “the region feels safer, too,” Živković underscored.

Counting on Bistrica and the existing pumped storage hydropower plant, Bajina Bašta, EPS is in “a comfortable zone” for signing power purchase agreements (PPA) with companies for their green power plants, Živković explained. Bajina Bašta is undergoing the second half of reconstruction works.

Turning back to the April 28 collapse of the Iberian electricity system, Živković pointed to the adverse interest of private investors – get profit in the short term – and companies responsible for energy security. In his view, it is necessary to act “more intergenerationally responsibly” and very important to find balance in relation to profits.

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