January 12, 2026
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Serbia developing legal framework for CO2 storage

The draft law on hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation will include permanent disposal of carbon dioxide in geological formations of depleted deposits, the Ministry of Mining and Energy of Serbia said.

Serbia has begun work on a draft bill on hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation and the basic principles for the law. The Ministry of Mining and Energy invited interested individuals, expert institutions, representatives of companies and scientific and academic bodies as well as civil society organizations to submit proposals and suggestions via the email address [email protected].

The deadline is January 18. Under development is one of the key regulatory frameworks for mining, given that it entails exploration, exploitation, preparation and transport of hydrocarbons within the process of exploration and exploitation ‒ in particular, oil, natural gas, condensates and other hydrocarbon resources.

In Serbia, the sector is regulated by the Law on Mining and Geological Explorations. It treats hydrocarbons as mineral raw materials for energy. The aim of the forthcoming law is to establish a unique legal and institutional framework for hydrocarbon exploration and exploitation as well as for the exploration of geological structures suitable for underground storage of natural gas and permanent disposal of CO2 in geological formations of depleted deposits in exploitation zones, in line with the highest security and environmental standards.

The forthcoming law needs to facilitate incentives for exploration and the use of geological structures for storing gas and carbon dioxide

The ministry explained that the regulatory framework needs improvement as regards the process of approving exploration and exploitation rights, including alignment with European regulations. It especially concerns directive 94/22/EC on the conditions for granting and using authorizations for the prospection, exploration and production of hydrocarbons, directive 2009/31/EC on the geological storage of carbon dioxide and directive 2013/30/EU on safety of offshore oil and gas operations.

Among the specific goals is the introduction of environmental standards and environmental protection measures in all phases of the process. In the law, the ministry also intends to define investors’ obligations when it comes to remediation, rehabilitation and monitoring. As for gas and CO2 storage, the new framework needs to facilitate incentives for exploration and the use of geological structures for the purpose, within the strategy to lower greenhouse gas emissions.

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December 16, 2025
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Energy system based on renewables is cheapest solution to achieve net zero by 2050 – study

A European energy system based on a high share of renewable energy is the cheapest scenario until 2050 for achieving the net-zero goal, when compared to an increased use of nuclear capacity, or hydrogen, or carbon capture and storage, and against a delayed energy transition, according to a study produced by Hitachi Energy for WindEurope.

Costs for each scenario include not only generation facilities, but investments in grids, storage and back-up systems, according to WindEurope.

The study has mapped out the total system costs of five energy scenarios. Four scenarios deliver net zero and the remaining one is for a slow transition, where Europe doesn’t meet its climate targets, wind power advocacy group said.

The difference between the cheapest net zero path (Renewables+) and the most expensive path (Slow Transition) is EUR 1.64 trillion, the study reveals.

eu energy system 2050 scenarios costs hitachi study

The study’s authors calculated the total societal cost of building, operating, and adapting to the required energy system across electricity, transport, heat, and industry to meet or fall short of the 2050 climate targets.

The total system costs have three major groups of expenses.

The first group are new infrastructure investments in generation assets, as well as in grid, hydrogen, storage and carbon capture and storage (CCS) infrastructure.

Operational expenses are represented by fuel and CO2 costs, while the third group are electrification and demand shift costs.

The Renewables+ scenario drastically lowers import dependency

The Renewables+ scenario achieves net zero by 2050 through a massive deployment of variable renewable energy, primarily wind and solar power, leading to high electrification across the energy mix.

The renewables share reaches 85% of total electricity and nearly 70% of total gross available energy. Dependency on imported energy fuels falls drastically from 71% in 2030 to just 22% in 2050, the report reads.

“As Europe looks ahead to 2050, it is revealing to think what our energy system looked like 25 years ago. Back in 2000 the share of wind and solar in Europe’s electricity was a combined 0.8%. It’s 30% today. And Europe’s emissions are down by nearly 1/3 compared to 2000 while the economy has grown 45%. Let’s build on this success,” WindEurope stressed.

It is an inception report for the Energy System Costs Study, a project commissioned by WindEurope.

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December 10, 2025
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Uncompetitiveness holding EU far behind green hydrogen targets

Several high-profile green hydrogen projects have been canceled in the past year, and major companies reduced their decarbonization ambitions, the European Union Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) said in its new report. The technology is four times more expensive than production from fossil gas through steam reforming.

Investments are far behind EU targets and trailing even the contracted demand. However, an acceleration of existing projects would change the picture substantially. On that note, the European Hydrogen Bank is receiving submissions for its third auction.

Electrolyser capacity in the EU jumped 51% last year to 308 MW, while 1.8 GW was under construction in October 2025, expected to be commissioned within two years. The numbers are from the European Hydrogen Markets – 2025 Monitoring Report, issued by the EU Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER). It pointed out that the total falls well short of the trajectory toward the 2030 target of 40 GW, or the 48 GW to 54 GW range in member states’ plans.

Of note, while some other databases show similar figures, the Renewable Hydrogen Coalition has calculated that operational projects amount to 600 MW, though “across Europe,” and not just in the EU. Another 3 GW is under construction, its update reads.

The European Hydrogen Strategy aimed at 6 GW by 2024.

Sweden, Germany in strongest expansion

Sweden and Germany account for two thirds of the capacity under construction (742 MW and 414 MW, respectively), ACER said. In addition, EWE has just marked the start of construction of an electrolyzer facility of a whopping 320 MW, which would eclipse the fleet that is currently producing green or renewable hydrogen. The site is in Emden, in Germany.

Domestically produced renewable hydrogen contracted, 270,000 tons, would require 3.7 GW of electrolysers.

Several high-profile green hydrogen projects have been canceled in the past year, and major companies have reduced their decarbonization ambitions, the agency warned. Importantly, all existing projects, in any stage of development and with a 2030 target, are for 62 GW in total, indicating the potential for acceleration.

An electrolyzer under construction in Germany is set to surpass the combined capacity of the current EU fleet

As for Southeastern Europe, Romania targets 2.1 GW of electrolyzer capacity for 2030. Croatia is aiming for between 0.1 GW and 1.3 GW, while the remaining countries are at just 0.1 GW or 0.2 GW. Greece was the only country with any capacity in construction in October, 50 MW. Interconnections are planned between Greece, Bulgaria, Romania and Hungary.

Citing the European Hydrogen Observatory, ACER said Germany has added 46 MW last year. With Denmark (18 MW) and Hungary (11 MW), it was 72% of the annual growth.

Only six plants were bigger than 10 MW at the end of 2024, amounting to 90 MW altogether.

ACER Uncompetitiveness holds EU far behind green hydrogen targets

Gray hydrogen remains dominant

Steam methane reforming (SMR) remains the dominant production technology, accounting for 89% of the total capacity in the EU. It is colloquially called gray hydrogen.

The share of electrolytic hydrogen, made using electricity from all sources, not necessarily renewables, is marginal. So is the overall capacity for blue hydrogen. It is also from fossil gas, but the process involves carbon capture and storage, CCS.

Green hydrogen, one of so-called renewable fuels of non-biological origin (RFNBO), costs some EUR 8 per kilogram, against just over EUR 2 per kilogram of conventional, gray hydrogen.

Expectations for liquefied natural gas (LNG) and carbon dioxide emission allowance price levels favor fossil fuel hydrogen in the short term, the report’s authors stressed. Meanwhile, slower deployment of electrolyzers limits economies of scale, delaying the anticipated reductions in related capital costs.

Projected prices of LNG and CO2 allowances are favoring fossil fuel hydrogen

With current production cost estimates at just below EUR 3 per kilo, low-carbon hydrogen with carbon capture is more competitive than renewable hydrogen. Nevertheless, the additional costs for CO2 transport and storage are highly uncertain.

“The buildout of CO2 infrastructure may pose additional challenges. Moreover, the long-term gas offtake contracts required for such projects could lock in fossil fuel dependence and exposure to price volatility in the global natural gas market,” the authors said.

By definition, low-carbon hydrogen results in at least 70% lower emissions than the conventional one from fossil fuels. The segment includes electrolysis running on nuclear power.

The EU also counts hydrogen from biogas and biomass processing as renewable, if the technology complies with sustainability requirements.

Electricity supply costs, excluding grid tariffs, may account for up to 50% of the levelized cost of renewable hydrogen, with substantial regional variations across the EU. Regions with abundant renewable resources and strong renewables integration, such as Spain, already provide advantageous conditions for renewable hydrogen production, the document adds.

Electricity accounts for 60% to 70% of renewable hydrogen cost

The Renewable Hydrogen Coalition said electrolyzer manufacturing capacity has surged from 1 GW within a few years. It expects it to hit 15 GW in 2026.

Electricity accounts for 60% to 70% of renewable hydrogen costs, with taxes and levies reaching 30% to 40% of the electricity cost itself, according to the group. It is also urging for incentives and an improvement in the legal framework.

“With the right enabling policies put in place, altogether, our coalition members could put online close to 18 GW of renewable hydrogen production projects between 2026 and 2032,” the declaration reads.

On that note, the European Hydrogen Bank has launched the call to its third auction for hydrogen production, worth EUR 1.3 billion. Spain is adding EUR 415 million, while Germany will match the EU with another EUR 1.3 billion within the auctions-as-a-service segment.

The IF25 Hydrogen Auction is designed to provide cost-efficient support for the production of RFNBO hydrogen or electrolytic low-carbon hydrogen. Producers of hydrogen with maritime or aviation offtakers can apply as well.

The call is part of a package under the Innovation Fund, using revenues from the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). A EUR 2.9 billion segment for net-zero technologies, IF25 NZT, includes hydrogen production.

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December 2, 2025
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Energy Community calls for nominations of PECI energy infrastructure projects

Developers of cross-border energy infrastructure investments within the Energy Community or internal ones with significant cross-border dimensions can nominate them by January 19 within the selection process for projects of Energy Community Interest (PECI). In line with the Trans-European Networks for Energy (TEN-E) regulation, the mechanism is for electricity transmission and energy storage including protection, monitoring and control systems, together with smart power and gas grids, hydrogen and carbon dioxide.

The Energy Community Secretariat opened a call for promotors to submit their projects for evaluation within the 2026 PECI selection. EU regulation 2022/869 – revised TEN-E, which the Energy Community Ministerial Council adopted as 2023/02/MC-EnC, stipulates the approval of the second list of projects of Energy Community Interest (PECI) by December 31, 2026.

Nominations are received until January 19. The proposals concern the electricity and gas sectors.

In the first group are high- and extra-high-voltage overhead transmission lines and underground and submarine transmission cables. It includes equipment and installations for offshore renewable electricity.

Eligible electricity segment investments are also for energy storage, as well as protection, monitoring and control systems for all of the above and at all voltage levels.

Projects for smart power and gas grids are both in the scope of the PECI selection process. Hydrogen-based technologies, electrolyzers and CO2 projects are within the gas infrastructure list as well, the call reads.

PECIs are for cross-border energy infrastructure within the Energy Community or internal endeavors with significant cross-border dimensions.

Proposal forms are available at the call’s webpage.

Ministries, regulatory authorities and transmission system operators will be among the institutions evaluating nominated projects. The group also consists of the European Commission, Energy Community Secretariat, Energy Community Regulatory Board, the ECDSO-E entity of Energy Community distribution system operators, the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E) and European Network of Transmission System Operators for Gas (ENTSOG).

The Energy Community comprises the Western Balkans, Moldova, Georgia and Ukraine.

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November 17, 2025
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Project pipeline in Greece for CO2 capture, storage nearing EUR 4 billion

Carbon capture and storage projects worth as much as EUR 3.6 billion are under development in Greece. Energean’s subsidiary EnEarth has launched a tender for drilling two wells for the Prinos site under the Aegean Sea, while DESFA won a EUR 169 million EU grant for a carbon dioxide liquefaction unit.

Investors in Greece are counting on demand from the domestic industry for carbon capture and storage (CCS), so that it can remain competitive with regard to carbon dioxide emission costs. Euro2day calculated that the project pipeline is worth up to EUR 3.6 billion as the endeavors are clearing major milestones.

The time for drilling in Prinos is approaching. EnEarth, a subsidiary of Energean, is working on the establishment of the storage facility offshore Kavala. Earlier this month it launched a tender for drilling two wells.

The Prinos project is valued at EUR 1.2 billion

Works are scheduled to begin in the first half of next year. The project is worth EUR 1.2 billion, of which the firm secured EUR 270 million in funding from the European Union. It is waiting for environmental terms (AEPO) from the Ministry of Environment and Energy, as well as for the storage permit.

Notably, a draft law covering the sector is reportedly complete.

DESFA seeks contractor to drill two wells in Prinos

Another step ahead was achieved with a project for a pipeline that would transport CO2 from energy-intensive industrial facilities to a liquefaction system in Revithoussa. The endeavor is called ApolloCO2. Greece’s National Natural Gas System Operator (DESFA) won EUR 169.3 million through the European Union’s Innovation Fund for the terminal.

The system would include temporary storage and transport by ships to permanent storage. The budget amounts to EUR 700 million in the first phase, with another EUR 60 million envisaged for an expansion.

ApolloCO2 is in a group of 61 projects in the Innovation Fund’s latest round for net zero technology, worth EUR 2.9 billion in total.

DESFA is working on the investment with Ecolog, a subsidiary of GasLog.

EU funding three major carbon capture projects that would be connected with Prinos storage site

AppoloCO2 would bring CO2 from three capture facilities also funded by the EU. There is a possibility to involve overseas customers as well.

Cement maker Heracles, part of Holcim Group, is developing the Olympus project worth EUR 400 million in Milaki, Aliveri. Its competitor Titan has a EUR 584 million endeavor underway in Kamari, Boeotia (Viotia). It is called Ifestos.

DESFA has applied for EUR 30 million from Connecting Europe Facility for the CO2 pipeline

Motor Oil Hellas aims to install a unit in its Agioi Theodoroi oil refinery costing EUR 300 million to EUR 400 million. The project is called IRIS – Innovative low caRbon hydrogen and methanol productIon by large Scale carbon capture. It is for the construction and operation of a CCUS and e-methanol production system that would cut the refinery’s CO2 emissions by a quarter. CCUS stands for carbon capture, utilization and storage.

DESFA is seeking EUR 30 million from the EU’s Connecting Europe Facility (CEF) for a 35-kilometer CO2 pipeline. The first part would go from Ifestos and branch out to HELLENiQ Energy’s oil refinery in Elefsina (Eleusis). In subsequent phases, pipelines would reach Heracles’ Olympus, Metlen’s aluminum complex in Aspra Spitia, Thisvi in Boeotia (for GEK Terna’s Heron and HELLENiQ’s subsidiary Elpedison), and eventually Motor Oil’s IRIS.

As capacities grow, larger ships would be required to lower transportation costs. According to the article, three such vessels would cost EUR 240 million overall.

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November 10, 2025
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Cement maker Holcim gets EU grant for carbon capture project in Romania

A carbon capture and storage (CCS) project developed by cement maker Holcim Romania has been awarded financing under the European Union’s Innovation Fund. The European Commission has selected 61 cutting-edge net-zero technology projects across the EU to receive a total of EUR 2.9 billion in funding, covering sectors such as oil refining, hydrogen, transportation, chemicals, iron and steel, and the manufacture of components for renewable energy plants and batteries.

Holcim’s project at its plant in Câmpulung, Argeș county, involves capturing CO2 from cement and lime production and storing it underground. The first large-scale onshore CCS project of its kind in Eastern Europe is expected to produce an estimated two million tons of near-zero cement annually from 2032, according to a press release from Holcim.

The project will enable Holcim Romania to produce two million tons of near-zero cement annually

Carbon Hub CPT 01 will use proven carbon capture technology to separate CO2 from flue gases, which will then be compressed and transported for permanent, safe storage underground, the company said.

The Switzerland-based cement producer now has eight large-scale EU-supported carbon capture projects – in Germany, Poland, Belgium, France, Croatia, Greece, and Romania, according to the press release.

Decarbonizing energy-intensive industries across the EU

The European Commission said that the EUR 2.9 billion in grants follow its first call for net-zero technologies (IF24 Call), launched in December 2024, aiming to strengthen the EU’s technological leadership and accelerate the deployment of innovative decarbonization solutions.

The selected projects span 19 industrial sectors in 18 countries, focusing on energy-intensive industries, renewable energy and energy storage, net-zero mobility and buildings, cleantech manufacturing, and industrial carbon management.

The largest number of selected projects is in the cement and oil refining sectors

The largest number of awarded projects is in the refineries sector, with 11, followed by 10 in the cement and lime sector, 6 in the manufacturing of components for renewable energy, and 4 in the manufacturing of components for energy storage.

Other sectors on the list include chemicals, solar, maritime, road transportation, aviation, non-ferrous metals, hydrogen, buildings, construction materials, geothermal energy, and the manufacturing of components for energy-intensive industries.

The 61 selected projects have the potential to cut some 221 million tons of CO2 equivalent over their first decade of operation, supporting the EU’s objective of achieving climate neutrality by 2050, according to a press release from the European Commission.

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August 27, 2025
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Northern Lights launches world’s first commercial carbon storage services

Northern Lights has injected the first CO2 volumes below the seabed of the Norwegian North Sea. The firm claims it is the first to offer commercial carbon storage services.

Northern Lights is owned by oil and gas giants Equinor, TotalEnergies, and Shell.

The first CO2 volumes have now been transported through the 100-kilometer pipeline and injected into the Aurora reservoir 2,600 meters below the seabed of the Norwegian North Sea, according to the company.

Northern Lights JV Managing Director Tim Heijn said the company has reached an exciting milestone – the very first CO2 volumes have now been injected and stored safely in the reservoir. “Our ships, facilities, and wells are now in operation,” he said.

From the capture sites to the injection well (photo: Northern Lights)

Northern Lights will transport and store CO₂ from Norway for the remainder of 2025, with CO2 volumes from Denmark and the Netherlands expected to be added in 2026, according to the firm.

The company will transport and store CO2 from two Norwegian industrial sites: Heidelberg Materials’ cement factory in Brevik and Hafslund Celsio’s waste-to-energy plant in Oslo. In addition, commercial agreements have been signed with Yara in the Netherlands, Ørsted in Denmark, and Stockholm Exergi in Sweden.

The operation is part of Longship, the government’s full-scale CCS project

The first phase of Northern Lights is part of Longship, the Norwegian government’s full-scale carbon capture and storage project (CCS).

According to the government’s website, Longship is Europe’s first complete value chain for the capture, transport, and storage of industrial CO2 emissions and the largest climate initiative in Norwegian industrial history.

Longship involves government support for developing the Northern Lights transport and storage infrastructure, according to the website.

CO2 is transported by specially designed ships from the capture sites to an onshore reception terminal in Øygarden. From there, it is transported by a pipeline to the injection well, where it will be pumped into the subsea reservoir.

Heidelberg Materials and Celsio are expected to deliver approximately 400,000 tons of CO2 each annually, according to the website.

The project is expanding

Storage tanks for phase 2 at the reception terminal in Øygarden (photo: Northern Lights)

In March this year, Northern Lights made the final investment decision for the expansion project, which will increase the transport and storage capacity from 1.5 million tons of CO₂ per year to a minimum of five million tons, following the signing of a commercial agreement with Stockholm Exergi.

The expansion was enabled by a EUR 131 million grant from the Connecting Europe Facility for Energy (CEF Energy) funding scheme, the company said.

The expansion leverages existing infrastructure and includes additional onshore storage tanks, pumps, a new jetty, injection wells, and more CO₂ transport ships to enable an increased injection rate and volume.

Photo: Northern Lights
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July 3, 2025
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EU outlines measures for 90% emissions cut by 2040

The European Commission proposed an amendment to the European Climate Law, setting a 2040 target of a 90% reduction in net greenhouse gas emissions from the 1990 level. The outlined measures would give certainty to investors, promote innovation and business competitiveness and increase energy security, according to the European Union’s executive body.

The EU is closing in on its 2030 goal to slash annual net emissions by 55% from the 1990 baseline, according to the European Commission’s recent report on national energy and climate plans (NECPs). It is part of the efforts to reach climate neutrality by mid-century. Today the EU’s top executive body formally outlined the proposal for the next intermediate target – 90% by 2040.

It is in the form of an amendment to the European Climate Law, which entered into force in July 2021. In the meantime, the 27-member bloc adopted a 2030 legislative package known as Fit for 55.

The European Parliament and the Council of the EU now need to discuss and adopt the amendment.

Nature-based and industrial carbon removals will play an increasingly important role in reaching the targets, the European Commission pointed out. It implies domestic permanent carbon removals within the Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) to compensate for residual emissions from hard-to-abate sectors. Such systems need to scale up significantly by 2040, the commissioners said.

More pragmatic, flexible trajectory toward 90% reduction in emissions by 2040

The proposal sets out a more pragmatic and flexible way to reach the milestone, the European Commission claimed.

“Aligned with the EU Competitiveness Compass, Clean Industrial Deal and Affordable Energy Action Plan, the proposed 2040 climate target takes fully into account the current economic, security and geopolitical landscape and gives investors and businesses the predictability and stability they need in the EU’s clean energy transition. By staying the course on decarbonisation, the EU will drive investment in innovation, create more jobs, growth, increase our resilience to impacts of climate change and become more energy independent,” the statement adds.

Von der Leyen said industry and investors require a predictable direction on the path to the climate goal

“As European citizens increasingly feel the impact of climate change, they expect Europe to act. Industry and investors look to us to set a predictable direction of travel,” said European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen.

Today’s proposal is based on an impact assessment and advice from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change. The adoption follows engagement with member states, the European Parliament, stakeholders, civil society and citizens since the commission’s recommendation in February 2024.

EU eyeing international carbon credits

The commission vowed to consider a limited role for high-quality international carbon credits, starting in 2036, and greater flexibility across sectors to help achieve targets in a cost-effective and socially fair way. For instance, a member state would have the possibility to compensate for a struggling land use sector with an overachievement in reducing emissions from waste and transportation.

Emphasis is also on the competitiveness of the European industry and a level playing field with international partners. Among the guidelines is technological neutrality.

Fiscal incentives are under consideration for clean tech and industrial decarbonization projects.

The commission highlighted its Clean Industrial Deal State Aid Framework, adopted last week, and the simplification of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). It also issued a recommendation on tax incentives for investments in clean technologies and industrial decarbonization.

Measures on affordable energy to scale up manufacturing of grid components and support power purchase agreements, the pilot for the upcoming Industrial Decarbonisation Bank, the forthcoming Chemicals Industry Action Plan and the sectorial dialogues with stakeholders are among the actions that will help deliver the Clean Industrial Deal, the commissioners explained. Their draft seven-year budget, officially called Multiannual Financial Framework, is due to be unveiled next month.

WindEurope urges for annual targets for renewables

Reacting to the announcement, WindEurope said EU member states would need to translate the 90% ambition into clear annual goals for the deployment of wind and other renewables for the period 2031-40.

“Otherwise the 2040 target will remain academic,” the organization underscored.

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May 30, 2025
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Olympus carbon capture project breaks ground in Greece

Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is a must for the future of the cement industry, Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis said at the launch ceremony for Heracles Group’s Olympus project.

It is one of the very first CCUS plants in Greece, valued at EUR 380 million. The unit in the group’s Milaki cement production complex in the island of Evia (Euboea) is expected to capture up to one million tons of CO2 annually. Emissions from the facility are expected to decrease to net zero by 2029.

Other industrial players also have plans to introduce CCUS.

Cement producer Titan Group is moving forward with a EUR 583 million investment in Boeotia (also Beotia and Viotia) called Ifestos. The carbon capture installation is scheduled for launch in December 2029. In its first year, it is expected to reduce CO2 emissions to the atmosphere by 1.9 million tons.

Motor Oil Hellas aims to install a unit in its Agioi Theodoroi oil refinery for a cost of EUR 300 million to EUR 400 million. The project is called IRIS – Innovative low caRbon hydrogen and methanol productIon by large Scale carbon capture. It is for the construction and operation of a CCUS and e-methanol production system that would cut the refinery’s CO2 emissions by a quarter.

Motor Oil and Titan have won grants from the European Union’s Innovation Fund.

“Support is needed to make these investments viable. Greece is at the forefront of convincing European institutions to provide it,” said Mitsotakis.

The companies’ executives discussed CCUS market developments this week in Athens with European Commissioner for Climate, Net Zero and Clean Growth Wopke Hoekstra.

Prinos CO2 project to store industrial carbon

Captured carbon from these industries would be transferred to the former underground oil deposit in Prinos, offshore Kavala, for storage. Energean is developing the site, aiming for an annual capacity of three million tons, which would be doubled in the second phase.

The first drilling in Prinos is expected in 2026. Energean’s subsidiary EnEarth has signed 15 memoranda of understanding with various Greek and foreign companies.

The facility would be able to store up to six million tons after the second phase is complete. The National Natural Gas System Operator (DESFA) is tasked with delivering the gas there, under a project called Apollo CO2.

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April 25, 2025
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Turkey to manufacture green hydrogen, nuclear, CCS equipment

The 2030 Industry and Technology Strategy includes setting up industrial facilities in Turkey for nuclear energy, green hydrogen, battery storage and carbon capture and storage (CCS). The country is planning to establish a value chain for critical raw materials. The government vowed to support the development of semiconductor technology, autonomous and flying vehicles and cybersecurity solutions, alongside innovations for electric vehicles and solar and wind power.

With its recently unveiled 2030 Industry and Technology Strategy, Turkey announced the ambition to upgrade its industrial production to one of the most advanced in the world. As Russia’s Rosatom is completing the country’s first nuclear reactor in Akkuyu, the government is planning to develop its own technology in the segment.

The strategy involves setting up industrial clusters for equipment and infrastructure. Among the possible technologies are molten salt reactors. The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK), Turkish Energy, Nuclear and Mineral Research Agency (TENMAK) and Istanbul Technical University (İTÜ) are tasked with establishing a nuclear tech park.

Green hydrogen mostly needed for decarbonizing hard-to-abate industrial production

TÜBİTAK is responsible for developing domestic electrolyzers as well. The national hydrogen program is set to bring support for integrating the production of green hydrogen, storage, transportation and consumption. The last of the four is especially focused on energy-intensive industries such as steel, petrochemicals and fertilizers.

Another segment that would get incentives is the use of hydrogen in fuel cell vehicles including heavy vehicles. The strategy envisages setting up pilot zones for green hydrogen production, with electrolyzers powered by wind and solar energy.

Turkey has high ambitions for high-tech exports

Turkey has revealed the goal of tripling its high-tech exports to USD 30 billion by the end of the decade. It is part of an ambition to lift industrial exports to USD 400 billion from last year’s USD 247 billion. At the same time, the government’s target for the overall valuation of domestic tech startups is USD 100 billion.

The 2030 Industry and Technology Strategy has other chapters, too, like carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS or just CCS), access to critical raw materials, semiconductor and battery manufacturing and cybersecurity. Officials vowed to continue prioritizing domestic electric vehicles, but with investments in autonomous operation systems and even flying cars.

Cybersecurity solar and wind turbine technologies. Turkey apparently remains dedicated to expanding the industrial base for solar panels and wind turbines as well.

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