December 2, 2025
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Energy communities reduce power bills for members, improve electricity market

Citizen energy communities make the energy system greener and benefit society at a local level, Josh Roberts from European federation of energy communities REScoop said in his presentation, organized in Belgrade by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH. It is a form of association that also lowers costs for households, institutions and small firms and entrepreneurs, and contributes to the deployment of progressive technologies. Furthermore, it is a framework for democratic control.

The event included developers from the emerging segment of energy communities and cooperatives in Serbia. They outlined the current initiatives and pointed to challenges regarding market entry, financing and policies.

The establishment and operation of energy communities is arranged through the European Union’s latest legislation, as well as in Serbia and other Western Balkan countries, but they are not a new concept. For instance, such entities still accounted for almost half of wind power output in Denmark in late 1990s, according to Senior Policy Advisor Josh Roberts from REScoop, the European federation of energy communities and cooperatives.

Speaking at a gathering that GIZ organized in Belgrade he pointed to the benefits for citizens, small firms and entrepreneurs and for institutions from setting up or joining energy communities. Initiatives in Serbia were also presented, and their progress in the same field, and the event included dialogue on the necessary technical solutions for connecting to the distribution grid.

Brussels-based REScoop was founded in 2013. In its membership are organizations from 22 European countries. They include Serbian energy cooperative Elektropionir. It gained the most ground regarding association and the implementation of projects.

One coal town has put up signpost for energy communities in Slovenia

Among other examples, Roberts highlighted Slovenia’s first energy community with a rooftop solar power plant for joint use. The facility is on the roof of an elementary school. The project involves aid for people living in energy poverty and it is free to join the group.

It is in the town of Hrastnik in a former coal industry area. The participants already lowered their power bills by 30%, and the gains will be even greater when they pay off the loan, Roberts said.

There are more than 1,600 energy communities in Austria

The representative of the REScoop federation stressed that municipalities in the Belgian region of Wallonia have succeeded in obtaining the right for citizens to participate in investments in green energy projects. It resulted in the foundation of a range of energy communities.

Roberts especially commended Austria’s legal framework with regard to enabling citizens to participate. The country hosts more than 1,600 energy communities.

Udruzivanje energetske zajednice smanjuje troskove trziste elektricne energije Dzos Roberts Josh REScoop GIZ

Energy community eases grid operator’s job

Energy communities are envisaged to return the invested funds to society at the local level. Subsidies are especially favorable for that, Roberts explained. Income is directed to education, infrastructure and aid against energy poverty.

The essence is that the community controls the distribution of the proceeds. In addition, grid operators can communicate more easily with one entity than with a hundred prosumers, Roberts underscored. Prosumers – or buyers-consumers, as they are formally called in Serbia, generate electricity for their own needs.

Pooling together enables providing services in the market, where energy communities can supply and store energy as well as conduct energy efficiency services, among other activities.

It means an entity of such type can ease the evening grid load, in moments of the highest demand, using energy from its batteries. That way, price peak shaving is achieved.

Registration process must be separate from defining activity

As for the procedure, Roberts said registration needs to be only for acknowledgement, rather than for approving specific activities.

“It’s about acknowledging the legal form and it’s about checking about how that legal form ensures compliance with the eligibility criteria. We have found very complex registration procedures. This does not work. It needs to be simple,” he stressed.

There are many activities that energy communities can undertake and they need to be able to enter them gradually, without complex procedures for licenses and permits

Conversely, in some jurisdictions there are simplified ways to get a supplier license. It enables an energy community to enter the activity gradually, instead of having to fulfill the requirements for all segments, even without having a comprehensive business model, the members or a business case, Roberts said.

He mentioned at the same time that one of the basic ideas is promoting inclusiveness.

“It’s already hard to set up an energy community, but it’s even harder to involve members who may have a hard time paying their bills, or have a lot less disposable income. So we found that the best models at the moment are for energy communities either to front the membership fees or for local authorities to pay for this upfront. And in energy sharing, we’re seeing more and more of energy donated to vulnerable households,” he stated.

Energy cooperatives helping improve rural areas from which people are leaving

Energy communities are giving people an opportunity for climate action and to contribute to their community, Roberts said. He added that such projects improve the area where they are conducted, stressing that it is especially important for rural areas from which many people are leaving.

A key point is that they enable participants to control their costs, production, consumption and energy sharing.

 The main challenge in Serbia is how to obtain a grid connection, alongside the matter of accessibility of incentives and loans

Importantly, energy communities are linked to the tradition of cooperatives, for which Serbia used to be known, but there is still much left to do around the legal framework.

There was word at the said gathering with representatives of institutions about the complexity of adjusting the electricity network to the production’s decentralization, as well as about the possibility to streamline the procedure for the establishment of energy communities and their operation.

Serbia is yet to address the accessibility of subsidies and financing, while currently the main issue is how to get grid connection approvals.

Energetsko zadrugarstvo smanjuje troskove trziste elektricne energije GIZ

Enterprise, association or cooperative

The speakers and other participants in the event agreed that the electricity market isn’t complete without energy communities, while that they modernize and democratize it.

When it comes to Serbian regulations, such legal entities have the right to conduct aggregation, but they need a license for it. Notably, aggregators have balancing responsibility, so they need to cover the deviations from the forecasted output.

Energy communities were introduced in the latest version of the Law on Energy. When they become regular in practice, the framework will need to be adjusted gradually to the situation. Citizens, firms and municipal authorities establish energy communities as enterprises, associations or cooperatives.

The bottom line is to enable citizens to take part in the clean energy transition and achieve local environmental, economic and social benefits, as opposed to prioritizing profits. It implies collective ownership, democratic control and reinvestment into the community with the goal of reducing energy poverty and promote energy independence.

The basic technical requirement for members is to have a smart electricity meter.

Elektropionir pioneering agrisolar in Serbia

The event’s organizers gathered the people who achieved the first steps in Serbia – from the Sunčani krovovi (Sunny Roofs) energy cooperative, created in 2019, to Platform for Energy Transition, which participated in uniting three residential buildings in Niš, which have a joint solar power plant and electric vehicle chargers. It is one of the first six prosumers in Serbia in the category of homeowner associations.

The Elektropionir energy cooperative managed through crowdfunding to install two cooperative-owned rooftop solar power systems on the territory of the City of Pirot, on the buildings of a local community council and a cultural center. As part of the Solarna Stara project, on Mt. Stara planina, the two villages receive the income from the sale of surplus electricity.

Srem is set to become the main region in Serbia for community energy

Next, the same organization built the first agrisolar power plant in Serbia. The 20 kV facility is at an organic farm, Organela, near the city of Valjevo.

Another recent undertaking is a rooftop photovoltaic unit on a school in the town of Ruma, envisaged to be the basis for an energy community. In the same area, Elektropionir is working on the installation of several prosumer power plants on house roofs and on aggregating them, inspired by the enthusiasm and the solar system of its member Nenad Maričić.

Owners and neighbors can jointly invest and they will be able to become an energy community and share energy among themselves.

Center for Sustainable Development to integrate string of energy systems of various technologies

Near Ruma, which is in the Srem (Syrmia) region, the City of Sremska Mitrovica and Regional Development Agency Srem have launched a major project. It is for the establishment of renewable energy communities (RECs), which are essentially a subset of citizen energy communities (CECs).

The local authority provided land for research and development. It is next to the regional waste landfill and a wastewater treatment plant. The plan is that the Center for Sustainable Development builds and integrates a string of energy systems.

They would include combined heat and power (CHP) production – cogeneration – from biomass, small wind turbines and a PV plant. The project also involves heat pumps and a storage facility assembled from old batteries.

There would be a facility running on biogas from the landfill within the center, and a magnet electric generator. Residents of the adjacent village of Jarak would be able to join the energy community.

Belgrade Energy Community is focused on equity, solidarity

Another group emerging in community energy is Belgrade Energy Community. It intends to apply a model of collective self-consumption in an urban area, with a focus on trust, equity and solidarity.

Its idea is to enable people to generate, share and use green energy. The plan is to map roofs and consumption and set up the first pilot installations.

According to the Belgrade Energy Community, it will donate 5% of the output to households affected by energy poverty. It consists of a cooperative, a civil society organization, two small enterprises, several prosumers and citizens.

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November 8, 2025
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Romania to roll out flexibility market where you get paid to consume less power

Companies and, eventually, households will be able to participate in the Romanian flexibility services market, getting compensated for cutting their electricity use at a time scheduled one day earlier. The aim is to prevent power outages during peak loads in the transmission grid.

The National Energy Regulatory Authority (ANRE) of Romania published a draft regulation that would allow payments to electricity consumers – companies or, in the future, even households – for temporarily reducing their consumption. The mechanism is called the consumption flexibility service. Its purpose is to balance the grid and prevent power outages during peak consumption.

Romania’s transmission system operator Transelectrica would be able to purchase consumption reduction services from market participants: large companies, suppliers and aggregators. They would commit to temporarily limiting energy use.

Demand response also replaces expensive emergency power imports.

Day-ahead market for demand response

Transelectrica will schedule the service through auctions organized a day earlier. Market participants would be able to bid with available consumption capacity reductions and prices.

The proposed regulation requires providers or aggregators to transfer at least half of the revenues to their end customers who contributed to the consumption cut.

Renewable electricity production – especially solar – has increased significantly over the previous years. During the day, Romania sometimes produces more energy than it consumes, but in the evening, when people return home and consumption increases sharply, production no longer covers demand.

The trend is known as the duck curve, per the shape of the daily chart of demand and solar power production. It leads to imbalances and bolsters the risk of grid overload. Through flexibility services, Transelectrica will be able to shave the peaks.

Households to eventually join through their aggregators

In the first stage, the mechanism will involve large consumers such as factories, retail chains, logistics operators and office buildings. They would be able to bid with a minimum of 500 kW. Households could join at some point through so-called flexibility aggregators.

It is also important that demand response decreases balancing costs, which spill over to electricity bills.

The draft regulation is undergoing a public consultation process until December 3. According to the schedule, the flexibility market will be established in the spring.

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August 20, 2025
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EU preparing roadmap on digitalization, AI in energy

The European Commission has launched a public consultation to help shape its upcoming strategic roadmap for digitalization and artificial intelligence (AI) in the energy sector. The roadmap aims to support the rollout of digital solutions, including AI, in areas important for decarbonization.

The areas where the application of digital solutions and AI should be accelerated include electricity grid optimization, energy efficiency in buildings and industry, and demand-side flexibility, according to a press release from the commission.

The consultation should also address the increasingly heavy energy consumption of data centers and look at how they can be more sustainably integrated into the energy system.

The consultation should address the rising energy demand of data centers

Another area of interest is the need to implement safeguards to mitigate potential challenges linked to the large-scale deployment of AI solutions in the energy sector, according to the press release.

The initiative, part of the European Union’s Affordable Energy Action Plan, also aims to facilitate access to energy data via the Common Energy Data Space and unlock innovative services such as demand-side flexibility and bidirectional charging of electric vehicles, according to a LinkedIn post by former Smart Grids Team Leader at the European Commission Manuel Sánchez.

All individuals and organizations are welcome to contribute to the consultation, which is open until November 5. The adoption of the roadmap is planned for the first quarter of 2026.

The roadmap is expected to be adopted in Q1 2026

The target audience for the consultation and the accompanying call for evidence includes stakeholders from digital and energy value chains, such as grid operators, energy intensive industries, data center operators, building operators, car manufacturers, providers of e-mobility solutions, energy communities, aggregators, consumers, researchers, IT suppliers, digital solutions providers, cloud service providers, and appliance manufacturers.

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June 25, 2025
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Alteo building solar park with battery storage for MOL Group

MOL’s 37.4 MW solar power plant with a battery energy storage system (BESS) of 40 MWh will contribute to the energy independence of its oil and gas complex in southern Hungary. Alteo is the contractor building the facility. The battery segment has received grants totaling EUR 20.5 million.

MOL Group marked the start of construction of a solar park and BESS at its Algyő site in Csongrád-Csanád county. The Hungarian company pointed out that smart green transition, reducing external energy consumption, is a key element of its Shape Tomorrow strategy.

The investment will significantly contribute to the energy independence of the oil and gas complex in southern Hungary, improve the flexibility of electricity supply and lower the site’s CO2 emissions by 13,000 tons per year, according to the announcement.

MOL Group hired Alteo, in which it holds minority stake

The photovoltaic plant project is for 37.4 MW and the battery energy storage system would have 40 MWh in capacity. Alteo, listed at the Budapest Stock Exchange, is the contractor for the construction of the facility. MOL Group, which holds a minority stake, controls a total of 73.8% of its shares together with two private equity funds.

The company’s full name is Alteo Energy Services. As an aggregator, it owns or operates gas power plants and renewables, combined with energy storage, while also providing software as a service (SaaS).

Storage is essential for smart energy transition

MOL has won support of EUR 20.5 million in total for the energy storage project in Algyő. A EUR 6.7 million grant came via the European Union’s Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) and Hungary’s National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), while the government secured the remainder.

“Our strategic goal is a smart energy transition, for which energy storage is essential, as it ensures the integration and flexible use of sustainable energy systems. Algyő is a symbolic location for us – it is here that six decades of industrial experience meet the technology of the future,” said Managing Director of MOL Exploration and Production Hungary Péter Archibald Schubert.

Solar power capacity in Hungary has topped 8 GW

The solar power plant’s output is equivalent to the annual consumption of 22,500 households in the county, while the BESS can flexibly cover 7,300 households, he added.

MOL Group operates seven solar parks in Hungary and two in Croatia, of 111 MW altogether. Its goal is to reach 200 MW in renewable energy capacity by the end of next year.

Alteo will operate MOL’s other battery energy storage system, in Tiszaújváros

Of note, the company broke ground in March for a 40 MWh battery system at the MOL Petrochemicals site in Tiszaújváros, in northeastern Hungary. It selected Alteo as its operator. The investment is worth EUR 16.3 million, of which EUR 6.7 million is a grant from NRRP.

As for the PV and battery investment in Algyő, the local authority made the 47-hectare site available to the integrated hydrocarbons producer, Hungarian media reported.

At the ceremony, Deputy State Secretary for Energy Transition at the Ministry of Energy Viktor Horváth said that the country’s solar power capacity has surpassed 8 GW. It is ninth in the world in PV capacity per capita.

In other storage news, MET Group inaugurated the largest BESS in Hungary last week at its gas power plant near Budapest.

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June 20, 2025
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Virtual power plants: How they work and who can benefit from extra income

Virtual power plants, aggregators, and flexibility are gaining increasing attention, and not just within the energy sector. The growth and volatility of electricity prices have forced many businesses and institutions to install solar panels to cut costs. Virtual power plants – set up by aggregators to provide flexibility services – can generate additional income for new electricity producers and consumers capable of reducing or increasing consumption or storing energy.

The deployment of solar panels across Europe, including the Western Balkans, is experiencing remarkable growth, bringing numerous benefits to all who choose to produce electricity for self-consumption and become prosumers. Two of the four D’s of the energy transition are already underway – democratization and decentralization – resulting in increasing numbers of small energy producers and growing amounts of distributed (decentralized) production from renewable energy sources.

This has led to the emergence of aggregators – firms that connect multiple small producers, or even large-scale solar power plants or wind farms, with energy consumers capable of reducing or increasing consumption on demand, and with energy storage systems. The result is the virtual power plant, which functions like a real power plant thanks to software that connects and harmonizes all these actors.

Such a system can “iron out” the variability of renewable energy sources – solar or wind, and offer a more predictable energy delivery to the market as well as auxiliary services and on-demand flexibility to the system.

Naturally, this brings revenue, which is distributed among the members. For all this to work in practice, a lot of regulation is needed, and it is slowly being adopted in this region. Although they have not yet reached their full potential, there are already virtual power plants and aggregators in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Hungary… But how does it all look in practice?

Energy Institute Hrvoje Požar joins virtual power plant KOER

By concluding an aggregation agreement, Energy Institute Hrvoje Požar (EIHP) has joined the KOER virtual power plant. Specifically, EIHP made available its 50 kW solar power plant, installed on the roof of its office building, to KOER, an aggregator on the Croatian electricity market.

Minea Skok, head of the Scientific Council and senior researcher at EHIP, explains to Balkan Green Energy News that KOER has conducted preparations for including the EIHP solar power plant in the virtual power plant.

The aggregator has installed control and metering equipment that enables the reading of electricity production from the existing electricity meter, along with software that enables data aggregation and forwarding to the transmission system operator, real-time 24/7 monitoring and alerting, reporting to the operator and the owner, and cost calculation.

It also conducted internal tests of the EIHP solar power plant’s balancing energy.

KOER provides services to Croatia’s transmission system operator HOPS

KOER’s virtual power plant, along with eight other providers on the Croatian market (aggregators and network users), provides services to the Croatian Transmission System Operator (HOPS), which is responsible for organizing the balancing market throughout Croatia, Skok explains.

Currently, the service involves balancing through the activation of balancing energy from a contracted mFRR (manual frequency restoration reserve), and soon also from aFRR (automatic frequency restoration reserve), according to her.

These system services are essential for any country’s transmission system operator to maintain power system balance, ensuring that all consumers have enough electricity at all times. These services also provide flexibility, which is increasingly in demand due to the growing share of solar power plants and wind farms – energy sources that are not flexible, since they only generate electricity when the sun is shining or the wind is blowing.

KOER and EIHP split the earnings 50-50

As for EHIP’s compensation for providing these services, Skok revealed that the contract defines the compensation received by KOER, as the aggregator, is split 50-50 with EHIP.

For the provision of these services, HOPS organizes tenders in which KOER competes with other service providers.

Skok emphasizes that EHIP’s solar power plant is profitable on its own, as it brings savings through lower electricity bills, which means the service fee is additional income.

On top of all that, gaining practical experience is an added value for EIHP, says Skok.

EIHP will also install a heat pump and a battery

The 50 kW photovoltaic power plant, matching the maximum available roof space of the EIHP building, was put into operation nearly a year ago.

Its average annual output is about 50,000 kWh. The EIHP building’s electricity consumption used to be 186,539 kWh, but thanks to energy renovation and the option of working from home, it was reduced. As a result, in the first ten months of operation, the power plant covered 53% of EIHP’s electricity consumption.

Following the energy renovation and the installation of solar panels, EHIP now plans to install a heat pump and a battery.

With its solar power plant, EIHP makes an additional contribution to power system balancing. By adding flexibility on the consumption side through the planned installation of a battery system and a heat pump, and in cooperation with KOER, the aggregator, EIHP contributes to system stability and the integration of new renewable energy sources, according to Skok.

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May 30, 2025
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CyberGrid is committed to energy transition in SEE with its aggregation solutions

Project Manager and Market Intelligence Specialist Nikolaj Candellari from CyberGrid said at the Belgrade Energy Forum 2025 that the company believes in the energy transition in Southeastern Europe and is contributing with its VPP solutions. The Austrian software developer is open to partnerships with aggregators or future aggregators and the region’s electricity transmission and distribution system operators.

CyberGrid connects different energy resources to different markets. It uses cloud-based flexibility management technology and provides software as a service (SaaS).

“Our core belief is that every energy resource should be renewable, or at least green, and flexible. And to support this transition which we are in at the moment, we have developed our own product called CyberNoc,” Project Manager and Market Intelligence Specialist Nikolaj Candellari said at Belgrade Energy Forum (BEF 2025).

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CyberNoc in real time aggregates the assets – batteries, renewables and even loads and is putting them to the markets, Candellari explained.  In this way, the company supports grid stability and resilience and generates additional revenue streams for owners.

“We are heavily present in the region because we believe in this transition in Southeastern Europe. We helped partners in Croatia, Bulgaria and North Macedonia to connect to different markets,” he stressed and added that the firm has established cooperation in Slovenia and Greece.

Candellari called on aggregators or future aggregators, transition and distribution system operators and all other entities in the electricity system to contact CyberGrid.

The company, founded in 2010 and headquartered in Vienna, is one of the friends of the Belgrade Energy Forum, organized in Serbia’s capital city by Balkan Green Energy News.

CyberNoc enables trading, balancing services

CyberNoc manages battery storage, power plants and consumption, optimizing them in line with market and grid conditions. The platform continuously communicates with the transmission system operator (TSO). It facilitates energy trading as well as the provision of balancing services including frequency control reserve (FCR), automatic frequency restoration reserve (aFRR) and manual frequency restoration reserve (mFRR).

Candellari also participated in a panel discussion at BEF 2025 called Market Flexibility: The Backbone of a Resilient Energy System. He recalled that the market went from 15-minute time intervals all the way down to just two seconds and stressed the significance of real-time data for TSOs and other participants.

“I think we can connect everything, including households,” Candellari underscored.

Notably, CyberGrid is part of the SPRINT project, launched at the beginning of the year, for the development of innovative quasi-solid-state sodium-ion batteries for stationary purposes. The endeavor received funding through the Horizon Europe program.

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May 28, 2025
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BEF 2025: Digitalization, open markets, time are major preconditions for flexibility services mainstreaming

Digitalization and massive use of data are crucial for providing flexibility services that bring benefits for transmission system operators and renewable energy producers. Aggregators and software firms have developed the technological solutions. However, the process, together with the introduction of flexibility platforms, requires a long time. The reforms also have to be accompanied by market liberalization and end consumers acting as active buyers, according to the participants of Belgrade Energy Forum 2025.

The panel on flexibility services called Market Flexibility: The Backbone of a Resilient Energy System was one of eight that were held at Belgrade Energy Forum 2025 (BEF 2025).

The conference, organized by Balkan Green Energy News, welcomed four hundred participants from more than 30 countries from the region, Europe, and beyond.

“Flexibility has been promoted in Europe as a buzzword, sometimes reflected as demand-side flexibility, but it represents so much more. It includes supply-side flexible assets like hydro, biomass, storage, as well as grid-side flexibility,” according to panel moderator Elena Boškov Kovacs, co-founder and CEO of Blueprint Energy Solutions, and a leading voice on market flexibility in Europe.

Serbia will introduce a flexibility services market

Elena Boškov Kovač and Roman Bernard (photo: Balkan Green Energy News)

Serbia’s transmission system operator (TSO) Elektromreža Srbije (EMS) is preparing to liberalize the ancillary services market. The country adopted the Law on Energy in November and implemented a large proportion of the European Union’s Electricity Integration Package (EIP) while the remaining parts will be transposed through bylaws.

“The balancing capacity market will be liberalized from next year. We will have new participants – active buyers and independent aggregators,” said Marko Zarić, Head of the Market Operations sector of EMS.

He stressed that the TSO is trying to ensure that no market participant is impaired by engaging flexibility resources or demand side response or a balancing service.

“EMS has finished drafting the new market code, which envisages dual balancing responsibility. We will launch a public debate on the act. The TSO estimates that it is the best solution to open the market of flexibility services,” he noted.

Bernard: Technology is on our side

NGEN CEO Roman Bernard expressed the opinion that the region is moving in the right direction, and suggested to regulators to look around and implement best practices. If the participants in the market are motivated, things will go forward, he added.

Back in 2019-2020, when NGEN started its operations in Slovenia, flexibility services were a pioneering job. The Slovenian energy company, the technology sponsor of the BEF 2025 conference, specializes in premium battery energy storage systems (BESS) and smart energy solutions.

According to Bernard, the balancing services market in the EU is well developed thanks to balancing platforms MARI (Manually Activated Reserves Initiative) and PICASSO (Platform for the International Coordination of Automated Frequency Restoration and Stable System Operation).

“We have 150 employees, and we can do everything. Technology is on our side and the sky’s the limit,” he stressed.

For example, NGEN solutions can provide monetization of battery energy storage systems (BESS), and the only thing that is needed is investors in such facilities.

Digitalization is the only way forward

Roman Bernard, Luka Renko and Magdolna Tokai (photo: Balkan Green Energy News)

The representatives of aggregators KOER and Alteo and software company CyberGrid all agreed that digitalization and the use of data are crucial for the energy transition.

Compared to NGEN and its use of BESS, Croatia-based KOER, a pioneer in virtual power plants in the region, is utilizing existing assets, like diesel generators, or employing the flexibility intrinsic to most manufacturing companies; for example, cement factories and wood manufacturers.

Existing assets work well, not just batteries, KOER COO Luka Renko stressed.

The only problem, in his words, is digitalization. The majority of the said firms aren’t ready to connect to the platform to be automatically switched on and off. The markets are getting faster and faster, so digitalization is the only way forward, Renko claimed.

Alteo, a leading Hungarian aggregator, also believes in lots and lots of data, which back up its scheduling and contribute to the security of supply.

Tokai: Alteo is looking for partners in the region

“Our superpower is providing scheduling services with the support of AI, including lots of data,” said Magdolna Tokai, Deputy CEO for International Relations and Corporate Services of Alteo.

Hungary has experienced a photovoltaic boom in the past four or five years, with the installation of almost 8,000 MW. It’s good for greening power production, but not from the perspective of a TSO, and that is where aggregators come into the picture, she added.

Alteo is combining conventional resources like gas-fired power plants with renewables. It currently has 140 MW in renewable resources, it manages 2,000 MW of third-party solar, and operates two virtual power plants. The company is providing the service to small photovoltaic facilities and the TSO.

Alteo is integrating solar energy in a product that is close to baseload, and placing it on the market. It translates to lower balancing costs for solar and a more stable product for the TSO, she explained.

Serbia is facing a challenge from the upcoming 1.2 GW of solar power

Alteo has just started implementing its new strategy for regional growth by exporting know-how on balancing services and providing flexibility to market players.

According to Nikolaj Candellari, Project Manager and Market Intelligence of CyberGrid, real-time data gives a TSO and other market participants the possibility to understand where they are.

He recalled that, over the years, the market went from 15-minute time stamps, down to one minute, and that now it is only two seconds. The improvement helps dealing with challenges, and CyberGrid knows a lot about such issues.

“For Serbia, the challenge comes with 1.2 GW of solar, which will be installed next year. So if you don’t see it as a challenge, ask yourself who needs 1.2 GW of energy at noon on Sunday,” Nikolaj said.

Over its 15 years of existence, CyberGrid developed good examples of how to exchange data with assets and TSOs.

“Assets are always the same, no matter the country, but to have this data exchange with TSOs, or even market platforms, that is something I think we need to do in the future in Southeastern Europe,” he stressed.

How to get to the future: properly liberalize markets

Luka Renko, Magdolna Tokai and Nikolaj Candellari (photo: Balkan Green Energy News)

Elena Boškov Kovač (Blueprint Energy Solutions) asked the panel participants what the solution is for addressing different types of flexibility assets including prosumers.

“How do we avoid getting stuck in the easy-to-commercialize part of the aggregation, and postpone the true demand response, which is needed to avoid the issues with negative pricing and electricity market swings?” she asked.

There is no dilemma for Nikolaj Candellari (CyberGrid): “I think we can connect everything, including households.”

It is something futuristic, he said. “We have to try to go as low as possible and connect everybody because, in the end, it’s not different if you have a 1 MW battery or 100 smaller residential ones” of 1 MW combined, Candellari asserted.

His company is currently implementing a project to integrate 150 batteries of 2 MW overall and put them on the market.

The batteries can drive the prices for end users down by 25% within five years

Candellari and Roman Bernard (NGEN) alike highlighted the factor of market motivation.

Bernard said motivation is created by the market. The imbalance price can go up to EUR 15,000 per MWh, and it is the signal and the motivation to fix everything, in his opinion.

He is convinced that batteries can lower the prices for end users by 25% within five years if dynamic prices are applied.

According to Nikolaj Candellari, participants will come to the market, as long as it’s not too regulated. As an example of a non-functional market, he mentioned Bulgaria, where the capacity price for downward regulation is zero.

“So, why would anybody join the market, if the capacity price is zero? Get the market running and you will get participants and capacity needed to balance it,” he said.

Tokai: We need a proper energy mix

Magdolna Tokai (Alteo) has a slightly different view of the markets. She recalled that episodes of negative prices are happening in Hungary, while that last August and September very high prices were recorded on HUPX, up to EUR 1,000 per MWh, and above EUR 500 per MWh in Croatia and Serbia.

“We have to be prepared for that, which is data, data, data, and the cooperation of all the market players, providing the proper energy mix, and the proper product for the TSO,” she pointed out.

Marko Zarić (EMS) stressed time as a vital ingredient for developing markets. A transition from the regulated market to the truly open market envisages multiple steps that take time, he said.

Flexibility platforms need time for implementation

Nikolaj Candellari and Marko Zarić (photo: Balkan Green Energy News)

Another big change are the balancing platforms developed by aggregators. Traditionally, TSOs were buying the same kind of standardized product, for example, SCADA, EMS, and other market applications, with more or less the same kind of functionalities.

Elena Boškov Kovač (Blueprint Energy Solutions) brought up the question of a more standardized approach. “Before we start talking about interoperability and connecting with everything else, would it be good to at least have platforms with similar kinds of functionalities and services provided?” she asked.

According to Luka Renko (KOER), every platform is structured in line with the needs of the operator. The communication platforms are more or less standardized, but it depends on what one needs in the background and what kind of assets they drive.

Piloting a flexibility platform can take years

The two aggregators, KOER and Alteo, developed their platforms because they couldn’t find a ready-made solution on the market.

A platform must have the ability to communicate with any other solution and to integrate new types of power plants and customers, Magdolna Tokai (Alteo) added.

Elena Boškov Kovač (Blueprint Energy Solutions) recalled that her company has implemented flexibility platforms since 2019, at the dawn of the opening of the flexibility market in Europe, and added that pilot projects for them take a long time.

“They require an immense amount of data. There’s a multitude of different stakeholders that need to support this, unlock the data, provide data resources. Piloting is incredibly important, and it can take years,” she pointed out.

Luka Renko (KOER) added that it took his company three to four years to start working as an aggregator in Croatia.

The future is bright, but we need to work on it

The panelists with Branislava Jovičić, Founder and Editor of Balkan Green Energy News (photo: Balkan Green Energy News)

Summarized, here are the messages of the session’s participants:

Bernard (NGEN): The end consumer will start acting as an active buyer.

Zarić (EMS): We see changes in the future.

Candellari (CyberGrid): Open the markets.

Tokai (Alteo): Give a chance to all market participants and types of production.

Renko (KOER): Digitalization will help.

Elena Boškov Kovač (Blueprint Energy Solutions) praised the companies that had their representatives at the panel for starting to develop solutions ahead of the market reform.

“It’s also a good message to the system of sometimes sleepy energy companies waiting for their proprietary vendors to offer them solutions,” Boškov Kovač stated.

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May 20, 2025
by in News

Alteo’s Chikán: Aggregators have AI solutions for grid stability, production optimization (video)

Factors like power price volatility, the global shift in policy making and the need for flexible solutions for the integration of renewables are creating an important momentum for developers and aggregators, Chief Executive Officer of Alteo, Attila Chikán, said at Belgrade Energy Forum 2025. The company is expanding in Central and Southeastern Europe with investments in power plants and its AI-backed platform for operating third-party assets.

The electricity system needs to become more and more flexible to accommodate weather-dependent, intermittent sources – solar, wind and hydropower, Alteo’s CEO and Chairman of the Board Attila Chikán said and pointed out that the outage in Spain and Portugal on April 28 highlighted the need for investing in grid stability and upgrades.

In his keynote speech at Belgrade Energy Forum (BEF 2025), he stressed that a global shift in policy making in the sector, particularly in the United States and Europe, is bringing both challenges and opportunities. In Chikán’s view, the situation creates an important momentum for developers and aggregators.

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“In the past five years we have seen a great deal of price volatility on the markets in the region. If you look into the future, taking into account the impact of the ambitious plans of regional countries to expand renewable power, one might expect even more pressure on balancing price volatility,” he asserted.

Role of international initiatives

Alteo’s CEO said tailored incentive mechanisms are essential for developing a balanced energy mix. There are also major endeavors on an international scale, Chikán added: connecting markets with diverse geographical characteristics, power plant portfolios and different supply-demand balances.

He explained that cross-border initiatives such as PICASSO and the Blue Sky project bring electricity exchanges in the region closer together. Interconnectors like the Pannonian Corridor and the proposed Black Sea green cable contribute to balancing and the management of energy price volatility, Chikán noted.

Future-proof tech solutions required for risk mitigation

In risk mitigation, the energy system’s stability benefits from future-proof technological solutions as well, namely smart metering, advanced weather forecasting and artificial intelligence–based production optimization, he said. This is where aggregator companies like Alteo come into the picture, its chief underscored.

As for its hardware, the company based in Budapest operates a diverse and balanced production portfolio of gas power plants and renewables, combined with storage, Chikán added.

Alteo runs a portfolio of gas power plants, renewables and storage facilities

“Sounds good, but without a well-designed and functional software, any hardware is purely a collection of materials. And even if they do operate, for sure they operate in a suboptimal way, without synchronization,” he stated.

That’s why Alteo developed its own production management platform, which it offers as a software-as-a-service (SaaS) solution as well. The company also supports the operation of 2 GW in third-party capacity, mostly photovoltaics.

“We optimize production in an automated way, using artificial intelligence, integrating real-time weather forecast data, capacity data and market data,” Chikán stressed.

The platform includes executing trading activities. The partners don’t have to deal with scheduling and the balancing energy costs, he said. The company makes a renewable electricity product closer to baseload, Alteo’s head asserted.

Slovakia, Croatia, Serbia are primary investment destinations in Alteo’s regional expansion

Early this year, the company unveiled a strategy for expansion in Hungary as well as into Slovakia, Croatia and Serbia as primary investment destinations. Alteo revealed it is interested in Poland, Czechia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and North Macedonia, too.

Chikán said it also aims to position itself in operations and maintenance (O&M), among other segments. Alteo is particularly seeking stable and reliable AI-based aggregator partnerships, he noted. The company has an investment target of up to EUR 3.5 billion by the end of the decade.

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April 6, 2025
by in News

Greek renewables sector slams curtailments bill for not including compensation

Power network operators won’t need to compensate renewable energy producers in Greece for curtailments, according to the latest bill of law. It prompted reactions in the renewable energy market.

The bill, submitted for public consultation, received damning remarks from the Hellenic Wind Energy Association (HWEA or ELETAEN) and various other bodies and corporations for the provisions regarding curtailments.

The country’s two operators wouldn’t be obligated to pay compensation. It should be noted that last year curtailments rose by 277% and reached 3.3% of all renewable production in Greece. They are projected to reach new highs in 2025.

The issue primarily plagues larger plants including wind farms, as they have the technical ability to respond to curtailment orders from the Independent Power Transmission Operator (IPTO or Admie). Conversely, smaller photovoltaic facilities connected to the grid of the Hellenic Distribution Network Operator (HEDNO or DEDDIE) have no such telemetering equipment, so they produce freely at all times.

Indeed, Greek authorities aim to make such systems mandatory in smaller renewables plants to be able to curtail them, to maintain system stability, especially during the days of Easter. If an owner fails to make necessary changes, they would be subject to a high penalty, yet to be determined.

Producers point to European law for compensation

HWEA expressed the belief operators should be exempted from compensation only if a proper framework is established that compensates larger producers for curtailments. In practice, it means any revenue collected from the penalties should be used as compensation for other producers.

HWEA: Producer compensation mechanism is necessary

The association added that compensation is obligatory under European law and therefore needs to be included in the regulatory framework.

“The only right way is for the government to conclude the long-awaited framework and introduce a specific producer compensation mechanism,” HWEA pointed out.

Cero Generation Holdings Greece said it is very concerned about proposals for IPTO and HEDNO not to be obliged to provide any compensation.

Curtailment responsibility shifted to aggregators

Another issue concerns the role of renewable energy aggregators, which represent groups of smaller producers in the market. Both HWEA and Elpedison said it is the operators that need to enforce and manage curtailments, and not aggregators, as in the proposed law.

With such measures, aggregators will face increased costs as well as the possibility of having their license recalled if they cannot carry out their new duties, the company pointed out.

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